biostudies-literatureLi S"Double tops" Program from Yunnan Province and Yunnan Universitye70002https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11362841biostudies-literatureUnknown17(9)To date, there are no real physiological mechanisms for iron excretion in eukaryote, and no physiological "actuator" that can control all the three fundamental biologic processes of absorption, storage, and excretion. Here, we observed that the accumulation of anthraquinones by Thermomyces dupontii under cold stress can achieve this process. Through mutation analysis, we found that mutant ΔAn deficiency in anthraquinones accumulated ferrous and total free iron due to adopting a rare lifestyle with no endocytosis but accumulation of membrane-derived vesicles. Anthraquinone complement indicated that the vesicles in ΔAn could coat the extrinsic anthraquinone-induced granules to prevent contact with the fungal interiors. Detailed chemical investigation on ΔAn led to characterization of a rare Microbial biotechnologyThermophilic fungus uses anthraquinones to modulate ferrous excretion, sterol-mediated endocytosis, and iron storage in response to cold stress.PMC11362841202201BF070001-012202201BC070004Li SHe JZuo ZWang DLiao CNiu XfalseThermophilic fungus uses anthraquinones to modulate ferrous excretion, sterol-mediated endocytosis, and iron storage in response to cold stress.To date, there are no real physiological mechanisms for iron excretion in eukaryote, and no physiological "actuator" that can control all the three fundamental biologic processes of absorption, storage, and excretion. Here, we observed that the accumulation of anthraquinones by Thermomyces dupontii under cold stress can achieve this process. Through mutation analysis, we found that mutant ΔAn deficiency in anthraquinones accumulated ferrous and total free iron due to adopting a rare lifestyle with no endocytosis but accumulation of membrane-derived vesicles. Anthraquinone complement indicated that the vesicles in ΔAn could coat the extrinsic anthraquinone-induced granules to prevent contact with the fungal interiors. Detailed chemical investigation on ΔAn led to characterization of a rare 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Sep2025-04-04T10:38:18.48Z2024-10-16T14:26:47.297ZS-EPMC113628413921214110.1111/1751-7915.70002