{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["15"],"submitter":["Hahn RG"],"pubmed_abstract":["<h4>Introduction</h4>The interstitial space harbours two fluid compartments linked serially to the plasma. This study explores conditions that lead to fluid accumulation in the most secluded compartment, termed the \"third space\".<h4>Methods</h4>Retrospective data was collected from 326 experiments in which intravenous crystalloid fluid was administered to conscious volunteers as well as a small group of anaesthetized patients. The urinary excretion and plasma dilution derived from haemoglobin served as input variables in nine population volume kinetic analyses representing subtly different settings.<h4>Results</h4>An infusion of 250-500 mL of Ringer's solution expanded only the central fluid space (plasma), whereas the infusion of 500-1,000 mL extended into a rapidly exchanging interstitial fluid space. When more than 1 L was infused over 30 min, it was distributed across plasma and both interstitial fluid compartments. The remote space, characterized by slow turnover, abruptly accommodated fluid upon accumulation of 700-800 mL in the rapidly exchanging space, equivalent to an 11%-13% volume increase. However, larger expansion was necessary to trigger this event in a perioperative setting. The plasma half-life of crystalloid fluid was 25 times longer when 2,000-2,700 mL expanded all three fluid compartments compared to when only 250-500 mL expanded the central space (14 h versus 30 min).<h4>Conclusion</h4>As the volume of crystalloid fluid increases, it apparently occupies a larger proportion of the interstitial space. When more than 1 L is administered at a high rate, there is expansion of a remote \"third space\", which considerably extends the intravascular half-life."],"journal":["Frontiers in physiology"],"pagination":["1439035"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11387178"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Sequential recruitment of body fluid spaces for increasing volumes of crystalloid fluid."],"pmcid":["PMC11387178"],"pubmed_authors":["Hahn RG"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Sequential recruitment of body fluid spaces for increasing volumes of crystalloid fluid.","description":"<h4>Introduction</h4>The interstitial space harbours two fluid compartments linked serially to the plasma. This study explores conditions that lead to fluid accumulation in the most secluded compartment, termed the \"third space\".<h4>Methods</h4>Retrospective data was collected from 326 experiments in which intravenous crystalloid fluid was administered to conscious volunteers as well as a small group of anaesthetized patients. The urinary excretion and plasma dilution derived from haemoglobin served as input variables in nine population volume kinetic analyses representing subtly different settings.<h4>Results</h4>An infusion of 250-500 mL of Ringer's solution expanded only the central fluid space (plasma), whereas the infusion of 500-1,000 mL extended into a rapidly exchanging interstitial fluid space. When more than 1 L was infused over 30 min, it was distributed across plasma and both interstitial fluid compartments. The remote space, characterized by slow turnover, abruptly accommodated fluid upon accumulation of 700-800 mL in the rapidly exchanging space, equivalent to an 11%-13% volume increase. However, larger expansion was necessary to trigger this event in a perioperative setting. The plasma half-life of crystalloid fluid was 25 times longer when 2,000-2,700 mL expanded all three fluid compartments compared to when only 250-500 mL expanded the central space (14 h versus 30 min).<h4>Conclusion</h4>As the volume of crystalloid fluid increases, it apparently occupies a larger proportion of the interstitial space. When more than 1 L is administered at a high rate, there is expansion of a remote \"third space\", which considerably extends the intravascular half-life.","dates":{"release":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2024","modification":"2026-06-02T23:38:26.793Z","creation":"2025-04-05T18:43:07.117Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC11387178","cross_references":{"pubmed":["39263627"],"doi":["10.3389/fphys.2024.1439035"]}}