biostudies-literatureGuo YChina Scholarship CouncilNantong Municipal Science and Technology Bureau21410https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11399301biostudies-literatureUnknown14(1)Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a major global health concern due to its high mortality and disability rates. Hemorrhagic transformation, a common complication of AIS, leads to poor prognosis yet lacks effective treatments. Preclinical studies indicate that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment within 12 h of AIS onset alleviates ischemia/reperfusion injuries, including hemorrhagic transformation. However, clinical trials have yielded conflicting results, suggesting some underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that HBO treatments beginning within 1 h post reperfusion significantly alleviated the haemorrhage and neurological deficits in hyperglycemic transient middle cerebral arterial occlusion (tMCAO) mice, partly due to the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediateScientific reportsROS exhaustion reverses the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on hemorrhagic transformation through reactivating microglia in post-stroke hyperglycemic mice.PMC11399301MS22022058JCZ21107Xu LLiu JQi MGuo YShe TDu XLiu YJiang ZLi XPeng BZhang YXue KWu XYuan YfalseROS exhaustion reverses the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on hemorrhagic transformation through reactivating microglia in post-stroke hyperglycemic mice.Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a major global health concern due to its high mortality and disability rates. Hemorrhagic transformation, a common complication of AIS, leads to poor prognosis yet lacks effective treatments. Preclinical studies indicate that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment within 12 h of AIS onset alleviates ischemia/reperfusion injuries, including hemorrhagic transformation. However, clinical trials have yielded conflicting results, suggesting some underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that HBO treatments beginning within 1 h post reperfusion significantly alleviated the haemorrhage and neurological deficits in hyperglycemic transient middle cerebral arterial occlusion (tMCAO) mice, partly due to the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediate2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Sep2025-04-21T22:19:19.91Z2025-04-05T18:43:14.496ZS-EPMC113993013927178110.1038/s41598-024-72454-4