biostudies-literatureIqbal IWellcome TrustBill &amp;amp; Melinda Gates Foundation126238https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11413484biostudies-literatureUnknown42(23)<h4>Background</h4>In early 2021, the 10-valent Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was replaced with 13-valent (PCV13) by the federal directorate of immunization (FDI), Pakistan. We assessed the impact of a higher valent vaccine, PCV13, on the serotype distribution of nasopharyngeal carriage in rural Pakistan.<h4>Methods</h4>Children <2 years were randomly selected from two rural union councils of Matiari, Sindh in Pakistan between September-October,2022. Clinical, sociodemographic and vaccination histories were recorded. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected and processed at Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Aga Khan University, Karachi. Whole genome sequencing was performed on the culture positive isolates.<h4>Results</h4>Of the 200 children enrolled, pneumococcus was detected inVaccinePneumococcal carriage and changes in serotype distribution post- PCV13 introduction in children in Matiari, Pakistan.PMC11413484INV003570Lo SWAzam INisar MIIqbal IKhan WAziz FAhmed SKanwar SQureshi AKHasan ZKumar NShakoor SJehan FBentley SDShahid SKabir FMehmood JUmrani FMuneer SKalam AMcGee LQazi MFHotwani AMirza SfalsePneumococcal carriage and changes in serotype distribution post- PCV13 introduction in children in Matiari, Pakistan.<h4>Background</h4>In early 2021, the 10-valent Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was replaced with 13-valent (PCV13) by the federal directorate of immunization (FDI), Pakistan. We assessed the impact of a higher valent vaccine, PCV13, on the serotype distribution of nasopharyngeal carriage in rural Pakistan.<h4>Methods</h4>Children <2 years were randomly selected from two rural union councils of Matiari, Sindh in Pakistan between September-October,2022. Clinical, sociodemographic and vaccination histories were recorded. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected and processed at Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Aga Khan University, Karachi. Whole genome sequencing was performed on the culture positive isolates.<h4>Results</h4>Of the 200 children enrolled, pneumococcus was detected in2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Oct2026-06-06T22:18:51.219Z2025-04-06T16:24:43.118ZS-EPMC114134843916807810.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126238