biostudies-literatureJing XQinghai Provincial Department of Science and TechnologyChengdu Medical College330https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11440720biostudies-literatureUnknown24(1)<h4>Background</h4>To explore the pathogenesis of different subtypes of gallstones in high-altitude populations from a molecular perspective.<h4>Methods</h4>We collected bile samples from 20 cholesterol gallstone disease (CGD) patients and 20 pigment gallstone disease (PGD) patients. Proteomics analysis was performed by LC/MS DIA, while metabolomics analysis was performed by UPLC- Q-TOF/MS.<h4>Results</h4>We identified 154 up-regulated and 196 down-regulated differentially expressed proteins, which were significantly enriched in neurodegenerative diseases, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism etc. In metabolomics analysis, 20 up-regulated and 63 down-regulated differentially expressed metabolites were identified, and they were significantly enriched in vitamin B6 metabolism. Three pathBMC gastroenterologyIntegration of bile proteomics and metabolomics analyses reveals novel insights into different types of gallstones in a high-altitude area.PMC11440720Key discipline project in the School of Public Health (no.21)2023-SF-117Xia YJing XZhang TLi DMa YXiang HXu FfalseIntegration of bile proteomics and metabolomics analyses reveals novel insights into different types of gallstones in a high-altitude area.<h4>Background</h4>To explore the pathogenesis of different subtypes of gallstones in high-altitude populations from a molecular perspective.<h4>Methods</h4>We collected bile samples from 20 cholesterol gallstone disease (CGD) patients and 20 pigment gallstone disease (PGD) patients. Proteomics analysis was performed by LC/MS DIA, while metabolomics analysis was performed by UPLC- Q-TOF/MS.<h4>Results</h4>We identified 154 up-regulated and 196 down-regulated differentially expressed proteins, which were significantly enriched in neurodegenerative diseases, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism etc. In metabolomics analysis, 20 up-regulated and 63 down-regulated differentially expressed metabolites were identified, and they were significantly enriched in vitamin B6 metabolism. Three path2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Sep2026-07-15T04:52:30.054Z2025-04-06T16:11:01.598ZS-EPMC114407203935009010.1186/s12876-024-03422-5