biostudies-literatureSu KBeijing Municipal Natural Science FoundationNational Natural Science Foundation of China490https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11468200biostudies-literatureUnknown22(1)<h4>Background</h4>Aberrant accumulation of R-loops leads to DNA damage, genome instability and even cell death. Therefore, the timely removal of harmful R-loops is essential for the maintenance of genome integrity. Nucleolar R-loops occupy up to 50% of cellular R-loops due to the frequent activation of Pol I transcription. However, the mechanisms involved in the nucleolar R-loop resolution remain elusive. The nucleolar acetyltransferase NAT10 harbors a putative RecD helicase domain (RHD), however, if NAT10 acts in the R-loop resolution is still unknown.<h4>Methods</h4>NAT10 knockdown cell lines were constructed using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and short hairpin RNA targeting NAT10 mRNA, respectively. The level of R-loops was detected by immunofluorescent staining combined with RNase H treatmeCell communication and signaling : CCSNAT10 resolves harmful nucleolar R-loops depending on its helicase domain and acetylation of DDX21.PMC11468200No. 7212061No. 82173024Liu XJiang YSun SDu XSu KWang YZhang CZhao ZfalseNAT10 resolves harmful nucleolar R-loops depending on its helicase domain and acetylation of DDX21.<h4>Background</h4>Aberrant accumulation of R-loops leads to DNA damage, genome instability and even cell death. Therefore, the timely removal of harmful R-loops is essential for the maintenance of genome integrity. Nucleolar R-loops occupy up to 50% of cellular R-loops due to the frequent activation of Pol I transcription. However, the mechanisms involved in the nucleolar R-loop resolution remain elusive. The nucleolar acetyltransferase NAT10 harbors a putative RecD helicase domain (RHD), however, if NAT10 acts in the R-loop resolution is still unknown.<h4>Methods</h4>NAT10 knockdown cell lines were constructed using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and short hairpin RNA targeting NAT10 mRNA, respectively. The level of R-loops was detected by immunofluorescent staining combined with RNase H treatme2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Oct2026-07-15T13:11:35.893Z2025-04-06T12:31:33.735ZS-EPMC114682003939418210.1186/s12964-024-01869-3