biostudies-literatureFu QDengfeng project of Foshan First People’s HospitalNatural Science Foundation of Guangdong ProvinceNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaDengfeng project of Foshan First People's Hospital973https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11514859biostudies-literatureUnknown22(1)<h4>Background</h4>Cancer immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs) such as anti-PD-1 antibodies, has revolutionised cancer treatment, although response rates vary among patients. Previous studies have demonstrated that caerin 1.1 and 1.9, host-defence peptides from the Australian tree frog, enhance the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 and therapeutic vaccines in a murine TC-1 model by activating tumour-associated macrophages intratumorally.<h4>Methods</h4>We employed a murine B16 melanoma model to investigate the therapeutic potential of caerin 1.1 and 1.9 in combination with anti-CD47 and a therapeutic vaccine (triple therapy, TT). Tumour growth of caerin-injected primary tumours and distant metastatic tumours was assessed, and survival analysis conducted. Single-cell RNAJournal of translational medicineCaerin 1.1 and 1.9 peptides halt B16 melanoma metastatic tumours via expanding cDC1 and reprogramming tumour macrophages.PMC115148592020A1515010855319713552019A008Liu XFu QLi HLi JChen ZNi GWang TLuo YfalseCaerin 1.1 and 1.9 peptides halt B16 melanoma metastatic tumours via expanding cDC1 and reprogramming tumour macrophages.<h4>Background</h4>Cancer immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs) such as anti-PD-1 antibodies, has revolutionised cancer treatment, although response rates vary among patients. Previous studies have demonstrated that caerin 1.1 and 1.9, host-defence peptides from the Australian tree frog, enhance the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 and therapeutic vaccines in a murine TC-1 model by activating tumour-associated macrophages intratumorally.<h4>Methods</h4>We employed a murine B16 melanoma model to investigate the therapeutic potential of caerin 1.1 and 1.9 in combination with anti-CD47 and a therapeutic vaccine (triple therapy, TT). Tumour growth of caerin-injected primary tumours and distant metastatic tumours was assessed, and survival analysis conducted. Single-cell RNA2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Oct2026-07-06T03:11:21.982Z2026-07-06T03:08:44.41ZS-EPMC115148593946859510.1186/s12967-024-05763-x