biostudies-literatureAcurcio RCFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia"la Caixa" Foundation CaixaImpulseISIDORe project (ISID_c7f4) funded under HORIZON EUROPEEuropean Research CouncilFundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia-Ministério da Ciência'la Caixa' FoundationIsrael Science FoundationTecnologia e Ensino Superior FCT-MCTESMelanoma Research Alliance'la Caixa' FoundationIsrael Cancer Research Funde2404159https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11515909biostudies-literatureUnknown11(40)The first approved vaccines for human use against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are nanotechnology-based. Although they are modular, rapidly produced, and can reduce disease severity, the currently available vaccines are restricted in preventing infection, stressing the global demand for novel preventive vaccine technologies. Bearing this in mind, we set out to develop a flexible nanovaccine platform for nasal administration to induce mucosal immunity, which is fundamental for optimal protection against respiratory virus infection. The next-generation multiepitope nanovaccines co-deliver immunogenic peptides, selected by an immunoinformatic workflow, along with adjuvants and regulators of the PD-L1 expression. As a case study, we focused on SARS-CoV-2 peptideAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)Intranasal Multiepitope PD-L1-siRNA-Based Nanovaccine: The Next-Gen COVID-19 Immunotherapy.PMC11515909LCF/TR/CD20/52700005EXPL/MED-QUI/1316/20211969/18591187(ImmuNovation)UIDB/04138/2020835227UIDP/04138/2020PROF-18-682PTDC/BTM-SAL/4350/2021615808CF01-00014UTAP-EXPL/NPN/0041/2021835227(3DBrainStrom)SAICTCOVID/72538/2020PROF‐18‐682Freund NTYeheskel AYeini EKleiner RViana ASGuerry CFlorindo HFMor MVaskovich-Koubi DPalma CAcurcio RCGoncalves JFabregue MBacharach EAviel-Ronen SSatchi-Fainaro RLiubomirski YAraujo CMatthieu SCarreira BToister-Achituv MFerreira VZarubica AfalseIntranasal Multiepitope PD-L1-siRNA-Based Nanovaccine: The Next-Gen COVID-19 Immunotherapy.The first approved vaccines for human use against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are nanotechnology-based. Although they are modular, rapidly produced, and can reduce disease severity, the currently available vaccines are restricted in preventing infection, stressing the global demand for novel preventive vaccine technologies. Bearing this in mind, we set out to develop a flexible nanovaccine platform for nasal administration to induce mucosal immunity, which is fundamental for optimal protection against respiratory virus infection. The next-generation multiepitope nanovaccines co-deliver immunogenic peptides, selected by an immunoinformatic workflow, along with adjuvants and regulators of the PD-L1 expression. As a case study, we focused on SARS-CoV-2 peptide2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Oct2026-07-15T14:45:45.312Z2025-04-06T14:20:57.807ZS-EPMC115159093911632410.1002/advs.202404159