biostudies-literatureWalkenhorst MBundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Federal Ministry of Education and Research)Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)9287https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11519641biostudies-literatureUnknown15(1)Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells express semi-invariant T cell receptors (TCR) for recognizing bacterial and yeast antigens derived from riboflavin metabolites presented on the non-polymorphic MHC class I-related protein 1 (MR1). Neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS) is likely initiated by autoreactive T cells and perpetuated by infiltration of additional immune cells, but the precise role of MAIT cells in MS pathogenesis remains unknown. Here, we use experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS, and find an accumulation of MAIT cells in the inflamed central nervous system (CNS) enriched for MAIT17 (RORγt⁺) and MAIT1/17 (T-bet⁺RORγt⁺) subsets with inflammatory and protective features. Results from transcriptome profNature communicationsProtective effect of TCR-mediated MAIT cell activation during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.PMC1151964101GI1605CGrant No. 470154978; WI 5322/2-1Sonner JKWinschel IUnger LLantz OWoo MSRaich LWinkler IWalkenhorst MMeurs NVieira VWilling ABauer SSalinas GEngler JBFriese MAfalseProtective effect of TCR-mediated MAIT cell activation during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells express semi-invariant T cell receptors (TCR) for recognizing bacterial and yeast antigens derived from riboflavin metabolites presented on the non-polymorphic MHC class I-related protein 1 (MR1). Neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS) is likely initiated by autoreactive T cells and perpetuated by infiltration of additional immune cells, but the precise role of MAIT cells in MS pathogenesis remains unknown. Here, we use experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS, and find an accumulation of MAIT cells in the inflamed central nervous system (CNS) enriched for MAIT17 (RORγt⁺) and MAIT1/17 (T-bet⁺RORγt⁺) subsets with inflammatory and protective features. Results from transcriptome prof2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Oct2025-04-05T09:12:14.989Z2025-04-05T09:12:14.989ZS-EPMC115196413946805510.1038/s41467-024-53657-9