biostudies-literatureGonzalez-Gonzalez ASecretaria de Investigacion y Posgrado from Instituto Politecnico NacionalPrograma de Recursos Fiscales para Investigación from Instituto Nacional de Pediatría2413018https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11523249biostudies-literatureUnknown39(1)In this study, n-butyl and iso-butyl quinoxaline-7-carboxylate-1,4-di-<i>N</i>-oxide derivatives were evaluated <i>in vitro</i> against <i>Giardia lamblia</i> (<i>G. lamblia</i>)<i>, Trichomonas vaginalis</i> (<i>T. vaginalis</i>), and <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> (<i>E. histolytica</i>). The potential mechanism of action determination was approached by <i>in silico</i> analysis on <i>G. lamblia</i> and <i>T. vaginalis</i> triosephosphate isomerase (<i>Gl</i>TIM and <i>Tv</i>TIM, respectively), and on <i>E. histolytica</i> thioredoxin reductase (<i>EhTrxR</i>). Enzyme inactivation assays were performed on recombinant G<i>l</i>TIM and <i>Eh</i>TrxR. Compound T-167 showed the best giardicidal activity (IC₅₀ = 25.53 nM) and the highest inactivation efficiency against G<i>l</i>TIM wJournal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistryExpanding the antiprotozoal activity and the mechanism of action of n-butyl and iso-butyl ester of quinoxaline-1,4-di-<i>N</i>-oxide derivatives against <i>Giardia lamblia</i>, <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i>, and <i>Entamoeba histolytica.</i> An <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> approach.PMC11523249SIP-20240460SIP-202309352019/062Delgado-Maldonado TPaz-Gonzalez ALopez-Velazquez GSanchez-Sanchez OOrtiz-Perez EYepez-Mulia LRivera GMoreno-Rodriguez Ade la Mora-de la Mora JIArias DVazquez-Jimenez LKChino-Rios LGonzalez-Gonzalez APacheco-Gutierrez SfalseExpanding the antiprotozoal activity and the mechanism of action of n-butyl and iso-butyl ester of quinoxaline-1,4-di-<i>N</i>-oxide derivatives against <i>Giardia lamblia</i>, <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i>, and <i>Entamoeba histolytica.</i> An <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> approach.In this study, n-butyl and iso-butyl quinoxaline-7-carboxylate-1,4-di-<i>N</i>-oxide derivatives were evaluated <i>in vitro</i> against <i>Giardia lamblia</i> (<i>G. lamblia</i>)<i>, Trichomonas vaginalis</i> (<i>T. vaginalis</i>), and <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> (<i>E. histolytica</i>). The potential mechanism of action determination was approached by <i>in silico</i> analysis on <i>G. lamblia</i> and <i>T. vaginalis</i> triosephosphate isomerase (<i>Gl</i>TIM and <i>Tv</i>TIM, respectively), and on <i>E. histolytica</i> thioredoxin reductase (<i>EhTrxR</i>). Enzyme inactivation assays were performed on recombinant G<i>l</i>TIM and <i>Eh</i>TrxR. Compound T-167 showed the best giardicidal activity (IC₅₀ = 25.53 nM) and the highest inactivation efficiency against G<i>l</i>TIM w2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Dec2026-06-02T22:14:01.752Z2025-04-06T14:25:08.995ZS-EPMC115232493947032410.1080/14756366.2024.2413018