biostudies-literatureZhou XNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Key Research and Development Program of Chinae2407043https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11538650biostudies-literatureUnknown11(41)Glaucoma is an irreversible blinding eye disease characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death.Previous studies have demonstrated that protecting mitochondria and activating the CaMKII/CREB signaling pathway can effectively protect RGC and axon. However, currently treatments are often unsatisfactory, and the pathogenesis of glaucoma requires further elucidation. In this study, a ROS-responsive dual drug conjugate (OLN monomer) is first designed that simultaneously bonds nicotinamide and oleic acid. The conjugate self-assembled into nanoparticles (uhOLN-NPs) through the aggregation of multiple micelles and possesses ROS scavenging capability. Then, a polymer with a hypoxic response function is designed, which encapsulates uhOLN-NPs to form nanoparticles with hypoxic and ROS responses (Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)Self-Assembly Hypoxic and ROS Dual Response Nano Prodrug as a New Therapeutic Approach for Glaucoma Treatments.PMC11538650821710582021YFA11012002021YFA1101202U23A2043582271091Ji DXia XLiang GRong RXiao HXu CZhou XWu YfalseSelf-Assembly Hypoxic and ROS Dual Response Nano Prodrug as a New Therapeutic Approach for Glaucoma Treatments.Glaucoma is an irreversible blinding eye disease characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death.Previous studies have demonstrated that protecting mitochondria and activating the CaMKII/CREB signaling pathway can effectively protect RGC and axon. However, currently treatments are often unsatisfactory, and the pathogenesis of glaucoma requires further elucidation. In this study, a ROS-responsive dual drug conjugate (OLN monomer) is first designed that simultaneously bonds nicotinamide and oleic acid. The conjugate self-assembled into nanoparticles (uhOLN-NPs) through the aggregation of multiple micelles and possesses ROS scavenging capability. Then, a polymer with a hypoxic response function is designed, which encapsulates uhOLN-NPs to form nanoparticles with hypoxic and ROS responses (2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Nov2025-04-04T03:04:43.864Z2025-04-04T03:04:43.864ZS-EPMC115386503922992810.1002/advs.202407043