biostudies-literatureUnknown15Marimpietri D<h4>Introduction</h4>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be released by any cell and are crucial for cell-to-cell communications. EVs have been characterized in patients with solid and hematological tumors, where they play an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. EVs may express different surface proteins derived from the parental cells, including immunomodulatory molecules, such as HLA-G and PDL1.<h4>Methods</h4>We isolated EV from bone marrow (BM) samples of patients with Neuroblastoma (NB) and healthy controls and we analyzed the expression of CD56, GD2 and immune checkpoints on EV by flow cytometry. Next, we analyzed the function of T cells in vitro in the presence or absence of NB patients' BM-derived EV, in terms of proliferation and cytokine production. Finally, we analyzFrontiers in immunology1469771https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11540764biostudies-literatureImmunomodulatory properties of extracellular vesicles isolated from bone marrow of patients with neuroblastoma: role of PD-L1 and HLA-G.PMC11540764Gramignoli RMarimpietri DCorrias MVTripodi GAiroldi IMorandi FfalseImmunomodulatory properties of extracellular vesicles isolated from bone marrow of patients with neuroblastoma: role of PD-L1 and HLA-G.<h4>Introduction</h4>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be released by any cell and are crucial for cell-to-cell communications. EVs have been characterized in patients with solid and hematological tumors, where they play an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. EVs may express different surface proteins derived from the parental cells, including immunomodulatory molecules, such as HLA-G and PDL1.<h4>Methods</h4>We isolated EV from bone marrow (BM) samples of patients with Neuroblastoma (NB) and healthy controls and we analyzed the expression of CD56, GD2 and immune checkpoints on EV by flow cytometry. Next, we analyzed the function of T cells in vitro in the presence or absence of NB patients' BM-derived EV, in terms of proliferation and cytokine production. Finally, we analyz2024-01-01T00:00:00Z20242025-04-19T07:38:42.498Z2025-04-19T07:38:42.498ZS-EPMC115407643951234210.3389/fimmu.2024.1469771