biostudies-literatureUnknown15(1)Hou YHTwo-dimensional (2D) ion crystals may represent a promising path to scale up qubit numbers for ion trap quantum information processing. However, to realize universal quantum computing in this system, individually addressed high-fidelity two-qubit entangling gates still remain challenging due to the inevitable micromotion of ions in a 2D crystal as well as the technical difficulty in 2D addressing. Here we demonstrate two-qubit entangling gates between any ion pairs in a 2D crystal of four ions. We use symmetrically placed crossed acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) to drive Raman transitions and achieve an addressing crosstalk error below 0.1%. We design and demonstrate a gate sequence by alternatingly addressing two target ions, making it compatible with any single-ion addressing techniques wNature communications9710https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11550402biostudies-literatureIndividually addressed entangling gates in a two-dimensional ion crystal.PMC11550402Yang HXGuo SAChen YYWu YKZhang LHou YHZhou ZCMei QXMa JYHou PYYi YJXu YLQi BXDuan LMWang YZhang CYe JfalseIndividually addressed entangling gates in a two-dimensional ion crystal.Two-dimensional (2D) ion crystals may represent a promising path to scale up qubit numbers for ion trap quantum information processing. However, to realize universal quantum computing in this system, individually addressed high-fidelity two-qubit entangling gates still remain challenging due to the inevitable micromotion of ions in a 2D crystal as well as the technical difficulty in 2D addressing. Here we demonstrate two-qubit entangling gates between any ion pairs in a 2D crystal of four ions. We use symmetrically placed crossed acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) to drive Raman transitions and achieve an addressing crosstalk error below 0.1%. We design and demonstrate a gate sequence by alternatingly addressing two target ions, making it compatible with any single-ion addressing techniques w2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Nov2026-07-16T18:53:37.812Z2025-04-04T00:32:38.097ZS-EPMC115504023952176410.1038/s41467-024-53405-z