biostudies-literatureZhou MNatural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation)National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)9880https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11564658biostudies-literatureUnknown15(1)Photon upconversion through lanthanide-doped nanoparticles is of great significance for various applications. However, the current development of upconversion nanoparticles is hindered by the low quantum efficiency and long radiative lifetimes of lanthanide ions, restricting their applications in time-dependent nanophotonics. Herein, we report ultrafast upconversion superfluorescence with a lifetime of sub-2.5 ns in lanthanide-doped nanoparticles at room temperature. Upon excitation with an 800-nm fs-pulsed laser, we achieve a large number (N = 912) of correlated dipoles in Nd³⁺-concentrated nanoparticles, resulting in collective coherent emission with two orders of magnitude amplification in intensity and more than three orders of magnitude improvement in the radiative decay raNature communicationsUltrafast upconversion superfluorescence with a sub-2.5 ns lifetime at room temperature.PMC115646582024I00402023J0507212474418Zhou MZhang WShao ZShang XChen XZhang SZheng WZhang RHuang PfalseUltrafast upconversion superfluorescence with a sub-2.5 ns lifetime at room temperature.Photon upconversion through lanthanide-doped nanoparticles is of great significance for various applications. However, the current development of upconversion nanoparticles is hindered by the low quantum efficiency and long radiative lifetimes of lanthanide ions, restricting their applications in time-dependent nanophotonics. Herein, we report ultrafast upconversion superfluorescence with a lifetime of sub-2.5 ns in lanthanide-doped nanoparticles at room temperature. Upon excitation with an 800-nm fs-pulsed laser, we achieve a large number (N = 912) of correlated dipoles in Nd³⁺-concentrated nanoparticles, resulting in collective coherent emission with two orders of magnitude amplification in intensity and more than three orders of magnitude improvement in the radiative decay ra2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Nov2025-04-21T22:18:29.637Z2025-04-05T18:41:09.583ZS-EPMC115646583954319210.1038/s41467-024-54314-x