biostudies-literatureWang SNCI NIH HHSeads1584https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11627201biostudies-literatureUnknown10(49)Computed tomography (CT) scanners are essential for modern imaging but require around 600 projections from various angles. We present x-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography (XACT), a method that uses radiation-induced acoustic waves for three-dimensional (3D) x-ray imaging. These spherical acoustic waves travel through tissue at 1.5 × 10³ meters per second, much slower than x-rays, allowing ultrasound detectors to capture them and generate 3D images without mechanical scanning. We validate this theory by performing 3D numerical reconstructions of a human breast from a single x-ray projection and experimentally determining 3D structures of objects at different depths. Achieving resolutions of 0.4 millimeters in the <i>XZ</i> plane and 3.5 millimeters in the <i>XY</i> plane atScience advancesX-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography: 3D X-ray absorption imaging from a single view.PMC11627201R50 CA283816P30 CA062203U01 CA288351R37 CA240806Sun LWang SPandey PKLee GXiang Lvan Bergen RJPXu YfalseX-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography: 3D X-ray absorption imaging from a single view.Computed tomography (CT) scanners are essential for modern imaging but require around 600 projections from various angles. We present x-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography (XACT), a method that uses radiation-induced acoustic waves for three-dimensional (3D) x-ray imaging. These spherical acoustic waves travel through tissue at 1.5 × 10³ meters per second, much slower than x-rays, allowing ultrasound detectors to capture them and generate 3D images without mechanical scanning. We validate this theory by performing 3D numerical reconstructions of a human breast from a single x-ray projection and experimentally determining 3D structures of objects at different depths. Achieving resolutions of 0.4 millimeters in the <i>XZ</i> plane and 3.5 millimeters in the <i>XY</i> plane at2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Dec2025-04-03T23:56:15.327Z2025-04-03T23:56:15.327ZS-EPMC116272013964222510.1126/sciadv.ads1584