biostudies-literatureBaker KRIntramural EPA14626-14637https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11646552biostudies-literatureUnknown57(39)Reduced complexity tools that provide a representation of both primarily emitted particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), secondarily formed PM2.5, and ozone (O3) allow for a quick assessment of many iterations of pollution control scenarios. Here, a new reduced complexity tool, Pattern Constructed Air Pollution Surfaces (PCAPS), that estimates annual average PM2.5 and seasonal average maximum daily average 8 h (MDA8) O3 for any source location in the United States is described and evaluated. Typically, reduced complexity tools are not evaluated for skill in predicting change in air pollution by comparison with more sophisticated modeling systems. Here, PCAPS was compared against multiple types of emissEnvironmental science & technologySource-Receptor Relationships Between Precursor Emissions and O3 and PM2.5 Air Pollution Impacts.PMC11646552EPA999999Tucker CZinsmeister ESimon HBaker KRHenderson BCooley DfalseSource-Receptor Relationships Between Precursor Emissions and O3 and PM2.5 Air Pollution Impacts.Reduced complexity tools that provide a representation of both primarily emitted particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), secondarily formed PM2.5, and ozone (O3) allow for a quick assessment of many iterations of pollution control scenarios. Here, a new reduced complexity tool, Pattern Constructed Air Pollution Surfaces (PCAPS), that estimates annual average PM2.5 and seasonal average maximum daily average 8 h (MDA8) O3 for any source location in the United States is described and evaluated. Typically, reduced complexity tools are not evaluated for skill in predicting change in air pollution by comparison with more sophisticated modeling systems. Here, PCAPS was compared against multiple types of emiss2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Oct2025-04-18T12:57:19.812Z2025-04-06T22:25:36.734ZS-EPMC116465523772137610.1021/acs.est.3c03317