biostudies-literatureLazar AUK Natural Environment Research Council111https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11657488biostudies-literatureUnknown19(1)The genus Tetracladium has historically been regarded as an aquatic hyphomycete. However, sequencing of terrestrial ecosystems has shown that Tetracladium species might also be terrestrial soil and plant-inhabiting fungi. The diversity of Tetracladium species, their distribution across ecosystems, and the factors that shape community composition remain largely unknown. Using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicon sequencing, we investigated the spatial distribution of Tetracladium in 970 soil samples representing the major ecosystems found across the British landscape. Species of the genus were found in 57% of the samples and across all vegetation types. The Tetracladium sequences we recovered included species common in aquatic ecosystems. However, we found five additional clades that Environmental microbiomeRegional scale diversity and distribution of soil inhabiting Tetracladium.PMC11657488NE/S007350/1Lazar AGriffiths RIMushinski RMGoodall TNorton LRBending GDfalseRegional scale diversity and distribution of soil inhabiting Tetracladium.The genus Tetracladium has historically been regarded as an aquatic hyphomycete. However, sequencing of terrestrial ecosystems has shown that Tetracladium species might also be terrestrial soil and plant-inhabiting fungi. The diversity of Tetracladium species, their distribution across ecosystems, and the factors that shape community composition remain largely unknown. Using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicon sequencing, we investigated the spatial distribution of Tetracladium in 970 soil samples representing the major ecosystems found across the British landscape. Species of the genus were found in 57% of the samples and across all vegetation types. The Tetracladium sequences we recovered included species common in aquatic ecosystems. However, we found five additional clades that 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Dec2025-04-22T10:47:04.889Z2025-04-05T23:41:34.886ZS-EPMC116574883969670310.1186/s40793-024-00646-6