biostudies-literatureTwilt JJNCI NIH HHS240-250https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11769734biostudies-literatureUnknown87(2)<h4>Background and objective</h4>Biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI), excluding dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is a potential replacement for multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in diagnosing clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). An extensive international multireader multicase observer study was conducted to assess the noninferiority of bpMRI to mpMRI in csPCa diagnosis.<h4>Methods</h4>An observer study was conducted with 400 mpMRI examinations from four European centers, excluding examinations with prior prostate treatment or csPCa (Gleason grade [GG] ≥2) findings. Readers assessed bpMRI and mpMRI sequentially, assigning lesion-specific Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores (3-5) and a patient-level suspicion score (0European urologyEvaluating Biparametric Versus Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosing Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer: An International, Paired, Noninferiority, Confirmatory Observer Study.PMC11769734R37 CA260346Roest CWithey SKeyzer BGirometti RMacova IBonekamp DZawaideh JPLogager VBSalomon GBosma JSLangkilde FRau PRKasivisvanathan VVenderink WFranco PNGutierrez PAGrigiene RVilleirs GFutterer JJMoreira ASLBittencourt LKGiannarini GBrembilla GCaglic IFransen SJJaderling FChoi MHMalakoti-Fard Avan Ginneken BSchoots IHuisman HWallstrom JTwilt JJLaw YMCuocolo RStanzione ASaha APuech PRouw DCerny VRusu Mde Rooij MSlootweg IMaciunien AYakar DKawashima APikuniene Ivan der Lelij Hvan den Bergh RKhurram MGitau SBathen TFKalpathy-Cramer Jvan Stiphout RSASunoqrot MRSAlis DAringhieri GRappaport ATan NNoordman CRPadhani ARPonsiglione ALee YJChen CBarentsz JCiuvasovas Avan Run CRaat HPJMaier-Hein KHThimansson EGaivao AMBjartell AFalcao ROPanebianco VGuillaume RGroeneveld MTammisetti VSPI-CAI Consortium / list of collaboratorsHanus PGeerdink JRouviere OTurkbey BBarrett TGhai STakahashi NVeltman JMeakin JSon HRiccardo CImmerzeel JJFMPedersen BGBriediene REijlers BObuchowski NACourrech Staal EFWde Visschere PPenzkofer TElschot MfalseEvaluating Biparametric Versus Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosing Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer: An International, Paired, Noninferiority, Confirmatory Observer Study.<h4>Background and objective</h4>Biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI), excluding dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is a potential replacement for multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in diagnosing clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). An extensive international multireader multicase observer study was conducted to assess the noninferiority of bpMRI to mpMRI in csPCa diagnosis.<h4>Methods</h4>An observer study was conducted with 400 mpMRI examinations from four European centers, excluding examinations with prior prostate treatment or csPCa (Gleason grade [GG] ≥2) findings. Readers assessed bpMRI and mpMRI sequentially, assigning lesion-specific Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores (3-5) and a patient-level suspicion score (02025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Feb2026-06-01T08:56:34.725Z2025-04-04T22:23:22.613ZS-EPMC117697343943818710.1016/j.eururo.2024.09.035