biostudies-literatureUnknownPan N<h4>Background</h4>Psychostimulants and nonstimulants have partially overlapping pharmacological targets on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but whether their neuroimaging underpinnings differ is elusive. We aimed to identify overlapping and medication-specific brain functional mechanisms of psychostimulants and nonstimulants on ADHD.<h4>Methods</h4>After a systematic literature search and database construction, the imputed maps of separate and pooled neuropharmacological mechanisms were meta-analyzed by Seed-based <i>d</i> Mapping toolbox, followed by large-scale network analysis to uncover potential coactivation patterns and meta-regression analysis to examine the modulatory effects of age and sex.<h4>Results</h4>Twenty-eight whole-brain task-based functional MRI studies Psychological medicine1-15https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11769909biostudies-literatureOverlapping and differential neuropharmacological mechanisms of stimulants and nonstimulants for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a comparative neuroimaging analysis.PMC11769909Liu YHu SShekara ACao HGong QChen YMa TZhang SPan NfalseOverlapping and differential neuropharmacological mechanisms of stimulants and nonstimulants for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a comparative neuroimaging analysis.<h4>Background</h4>Psychostimulants and nonstimulants have partially overlapping pharmacological targets on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but whether their neuroimaging underpinnings differ is elusive. We aimed to identify overlapping and medication-specific brain functional mechanisms of psychostimulants and nonstimulants on ADHD.<h4>Methods</h4>After a systematic literature search and database construction, the imputed maps of separate and pooled neuropharmacological mechanisms were meta-analyzed by Seed-based <i>d</i> Mapping toolbox, followed by large-scale network analysis to uncover potential coactivation patterns and meta-regression analysis to examine the modulatory effects of age and sex.<h4>Results</h4>Twenty-eight whole-brain task-based functional MRI studies 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Jan2025-04-03T23:26:52.595Z2025-04-03T23:26:52.595ZS-EPMC117699093980655410.1017/S003329172400285X