{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Surapaneni VA"],"funding":["University Grants Committee","Human Frontier Science Program","City University of Hong Kong, Strategic Interdisciplinary Research"],"pagination":["78-91"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11829324"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["1544(1)"],"pubmed_abstract":["Among hornbill birds, the critically endangered helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) is notable for its casque (a bulbous beak protrusion) being filled with trabeculae and fronted by a very thick keratin layer. Casque function is debated but appears central to aerial jousting, where birds (typically males) collide casques at high speeds in a mid-flight display that is audible for more than 100 m. We characterized the structural relationship between the skull and casque anatomy using X-ray microtomography and quantitative trabecular network analysis to examine how the casque sustains extreme impact. The casque comprises a keratin veneer (rhamphotheca, ∼8× thicker than beak keratin), which slots over the internal bony casque like a tight-fitting sheath. The bony casque's central cavity contai"],"journal":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"pubmed_title":["The helmeted hornbill casque is reinforced by a bundle of exceptionally thick, rod-like trabeculae."],"pmcid":["PMC11829324"],"funding_grant_id":["F‐CityU103/21‐Joint Research Scheme with the Consulate General of France in Hong Kong","7020042","CityU11102022 ‐ General Research Fund GRF","G-CityU103/22-Germany/Hong Kong Joint Research Scheme with the German Academic Exchange Service","F-CityU103/21-Joint Research Scheme with the Consulate General of France in Hong Kong","CityU11102022 - General Research Fund GRF","G‐CityU103/22‐Germany/Hong Kong Joint Research Scheme with the German Academic Exchange Service","RGP0010‐2020","RGP0010-2020"],"pubmed_authors":["Hayat K","Baum D","Schindler M","Flaum B","Surapaneni VA","Dean MN","Doube M","Wolfer J","Hu R","Kong TF"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"The helmeted hornbill casque is reinforced by a bundle of exceptionally thick, rod-like trabeculae.","description":"Among hornbill birds, the critically endangered helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) is notable for its casque (a bulbous beak protrusion) being filled with trabeculae and fronted by a very thick keratin layer. Casque function is debated but appears central to aerial jousting, where birds (typically males) collide casques at high speeds in a mid-flight display that is audible for more than 100 m. We characterized the structural relationship between the skull and casque anatomy using X-ray microtomography and quantitative trabecular network analysis to examine how the casque sustains extreme impact. The casque comprises a keratin veneer (rhamphotheca, ∼8× thicker than beak keratin), which slots over the internal bony casque like a tight-fitting sheath. The bony casque's central cavity contai","dates":{"release":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2025 Feb","modification":"2026-05-29T15:06:32.268Z","creation":"2025-04-04T02:48:05.554Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC11829324","cross_references":{"pubmed":["39761373"],"doi":["10.1111/nyas.15254"]}}