biostudies-literatureTian LNIGMS NIH HHSe011209https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11835522biostudies-literatureUnknown18(2)<h4>Background</h4>Food insecurity is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is typically measured with the 10-item US Adult Food Security Survey Module. Shorter instruments may capture similar information, but this has not been validated against mortality in general populations.<h4>Methods</h4>A nationally representative sample of individuals aged 20 to 74 years from the US National Health Interview Survey 2011 to 2018 was included, with deaths linked to the National Death Index through 2019. Cardiovascular disease deaths were ascertained by <i>International Classification of Diseases-Tenth Revision</i> codes for heart disease or stroke. Standard 10-, 6-, and 2-item food security instruments were compared for associations with premature all-cause and cardiovascular disease deathCirculation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomesComparison of Associations of Food Security Instruments and Mediators With Premature All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Death in US Adults.PMC11835522P20 GM109036Marshall ANBell CNTian LChen JHe JDorans KSTheall KPJaeger BCBundy JDfalseComparison of Associations of Food Security Instruments and Mediators With Premature All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Death in US Adults.<h4>Background</h4>Food insecurity is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is typically measured with the 10-item US Adult Food Security Survey Module. Shorter instruments may capture similar information, but this has not been validated against mortality in general populations.<h4>Methods</h4>A nationally representative sample of individuals aged 20 to 74 years from the US National Health Interview Survey 2011 to 2018 was included, with deaths linked to the National Death Index through 2019. Cardiovascular disease deaths were ascertained by <i>International Classification of Diseases-Tenth Revision</i> codes for heart disease or stroke. Standard 10-, 6-, and 2-item food security instruments were compared for associations with premature all-cause and cardiovascular disease death2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Feb2026-06-12T10:12:43.062Z2026-06-12T03:11:33.314ZS-EPMC118355223978177010.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.124.01120910.1161/circoutcomes.124.011209