biostudies-literatureMei SMinistry of EducationOpening Project of Key Laboratory of Evidence ScienceNational Natural Science Foundation of Chinaowae021https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11850652biostudies-literatureUnknown10(1)The Han nationality is widely distributed in different regions, and it is one of the most populous nationalities in China. Compared with the ethnic minorities in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, there is relatively less research on Han individuals dwelled in Guangxi as a part of Chinese Han population. In this study, the genetic polymorphisms of 57 autosomal insertion/deletion (InDel) loci were explored in Hezhou Han (HZH) population. Forensic-related parameters revealed that these 57 InDel loci had high forensic validity and could be used in forensic practice application. In addition, the genetic relationships between the HZH population and 30 worldwide reference populations were explored using a variety of analytical methods, such as phylogenetic tree, principal component analysis, and Forensic sciences researchComprehensive elucidation on the genetic profile of the Hezhou Han population <i>via</i> an efficient InDel panel.PMC118506522021KFKT0681930055Cai MChen MMei SCui WLei FWang XZhu BYang SfalseComprehensive elucidation on the genetic profile of the Hezhou Han population <i>via</i> an efficient InDel panel.The Han nationality is widely distributed in different regions, and it is one of the most populous nationalities in China. Compared with the ethnic minorities in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, there is relatively less research on Han individuals dwelled in Guangxi as a part of Chinese Han population. In this study, the genetic polymorphisms of 57 autosomal insertion/deletion (InDel) loci were explored in Hezhou Han (HZH) population. Forensic-related parameters revealed that these 57 InDel loci had high forensic validity and could be used in forensic practice application. In addition, the genetic relationships between the HZH population and 30 worldwide reference populations were explored using a variety of analytical methods, such as phylogenetic tree, principal component analysis, and 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Mar2026-06-02T19:13:41.921Z2025-04-04T02:47:23.365ZS-EPMC118506524000763410.1093/fsr/owae021