biostudies-literatureHerzog JFree State of BavariaFederal Ministry of Education and Research387https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11858013biostudies-literatureUnknown13(2)The growing need for sustainable biotechnological solutions to address environmental challenges, such as climate change and resource depletion, has intensified interest in microbial-based production systems. Synthetic biofilms, which mimic natural microbial consortia, offer a promising platform for optimizing complex metabolic processes that can convert renewable feedstocks into valuable chemicals. In this context, understanding and harnessing the interactions between co-immobilized microorganisms are critical for advancing bioprocesses that contribute to circular bioeconomy goals. In this study, we investigated the viability and metabolic activity of <i>Clostridium carboxidivorans</i> and <i>Clostridium kluyveri</i> within a synthetic, dual-layered biofilm composed of agar hydrogel. This MicroorganismsImmobilization and Monitoring of <i>Clostridium carboxidivorans</i> and <i>Clostridium kluyveri</i> in Synthetic Biofilms.PMC11858013ONE MUNICH Project Munich Multiscale BiofabricationSimmel FCHerzog JWeuster-Botz DJakel ACfalseImmobilization and Monitoring of <i>Clostridium carboxidivorans</i> and <i>Clostridium kluyveri</i> in Synthetic Biofilms.The growing need for sustainable biotechnological solutions to address environmental challenges, such as climate change and resource depletion, has intensified interest in microbial-based production systems. Synthetic biofilms, which mimic natural microbial consortia, offer a promising platform for optimizing complex metabolic processes that can convert renewable feedstocks into valuable chemicals. In this context, understanding and harnessing the interactions between co-immobilized microorganisms are critical for advancing bioprocesses that contribute to circular bioeconomy goals. In this study, we investigated the viability and metabolic activity of <i>Clostridium carboxidivorans</i> and <i>Clostridium kluyveri</i> within a synthetic, dual-layered biofilm composed of agar hydrogel. This 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Feb2025-04-04T01:12:28.624Z2025-04-04T01:12:28.624ZS-EPMC118580134000575310.3390/microorganisms13020387