biostudies-literatureUnknown1229Yang GDNA barcoding has been proposed as a rapid and reliable tool for animal identification and species delineation. The 5' end of the mitochondrial cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase I gene (COI-5P) was sequenced for 318 specimens of 55 mantis species. Of these, 44 species had not been sequenced before, thus being new COI-5P barcode sequences to science. Another 61 COI-5P barcode sequences comprising five species were retrieved from the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD; www.boldsystems.org). Five species delimitation algorithms were employed to sort barcode sequences into Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs), namely the distance-based Barcode Index Number (BIN) System, Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC), a Java program that uses an explicit, determinate algorithm to define Molecular OperZooKeys25-42https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11876984biostudies-literatureSpecies delimitation and DNA barcoding for Chinese Mantodea (Insecta, Dictyoptera).PMC11876984Yang GWang WTong YZhou ZfalseSpecies delimitation and DNA barcoding for Chinese Mantodea (Insecta, Dictyoptera).DNA barcoding has been proposed as a rapid and reliable tool for animal identification and species delineation. The 5' end of the mitochondrial cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase I gene (COI-5P) was sequenced for 318 specimens of 55 mantis species. Of these, 44 species had not been sequenced before, thus being new COI-5P barcode sequences to science. Another 61 COI-5P barcode sequences comprising five species were retrieved from the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD; www.boldsystems.org). Five species delimitation algorithms were employed to sort barcode sequences into Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs), namely the distance-based Barcode Index Number (BIN) System, Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC), a Java program that uses an explicit, determinate algorithm to define Molecular Oper2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252025-04-05T14:39:24.598Z2025-04-05T14:39:24.598ZS-EPMC118769844004683810.3897/zookeys.1229.129123