biostudies-literatureSierra MSIntramural NIH HHSNCI NIH HHS126841https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11894763biostudies-literatureUnknown50<h4>Background</h4>New approaches to control HPV infections and prevent progression to cervical precancer are needed. We investigate the probability of viral clearance and progression to cervical precancer in women infected with HPV16/18 without evidence of precancer at study enrollment to inform research efforts targeted at reducing cervical cancer.<h4>Methods</h4>We included 530 women aged 18-25 who tested HPV16/18 DNA-positive and did not have cytological evidence of high-grade-squamous-intraepithelial-lesion (HSIL) at enrollment in CVT. At each visit, clinicians collected cervical cells for cytology and HPV-DNA testing. Those with abnormal cytology were referred to colposcopy, biopsy, and treatment as needed. We estimated the probability of HPV clearance (loss of detection) and progresVaccineHuman papillomavirus type 16 and 18 viral clearance and progression to precancer among women aged 18-25 years enrolled in the Costa Rica HPV prophylactic vaccine trial (CVT).PMC11894763N01 CP011005ZIA CP010217Kreimer ARRodriguez ACSierra MSSchussler JSchiller JTDull PLowy DRCarvajal LJOcampo RPorras CLiu DCosta Rica HPV Vaccine Trial (CVT) GroupHerrero RHildesheim AfalseHuman papillomavirus type 16 and 18 viral clearance and progression to precancer among women aged 18-25 years enrolled in the Costa Rica HPV prophylactic vaccine trial (CVT).<h4>Background</h4>New approaches to control HPV infections and prevent progression to cervical precancer are needed. We investigate the probability of viral clearance and progression to cervical precancer in women infected with HPV16/18 without evidence of precancer at study enrollment to inform research efforts targeted at reducing cervical cancer.<h4>Methods</h4>We included 530 women aged 18-25 who tested HPV16/18 DNA-positive and did not have cytological evidence of high-grade-squamous-intraepithelial-lesion (HSIL) at enrollment in CVT. At each visit, clinicians collected cervical cells for cytology and HPV-DNA testing. Those with abnormal cytology were referred to colposcopy, biopsy, and treatment as needed. We estimated the probability of HPV clearance (loss of detection) and progres2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Mar2026-06-01T14:07:07.302Z2025-04-04T09:07:33.633ZS-EPMC118947633996127910.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126841