{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Ramirez SI"],"funding":["NIAID NIH HHS"],"pagination":["630-636"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11895801"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["632(8025)"],"pubmed_abstract":["The upper airway is an important site of infection, but immune memory in the human upper airway is poorly understood, with implications for COVID-19 and many other human diseases<sup>1-4</sup>. Here we demonstrate that nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs can be used to obtain insights into these challenging problems, and define distinct immune cell populations, including antigen-specific memory B cells and T cells, in two adjacent anatomical sites in the upper airway. Upper airway immune cell populations seemed stable over time in healthy adults undergoing monthly swabs for more than 1 year, and prominent tissue resident memory T (T<sub>RM</sub>) cell and B (B<sub>RM</sub>) cell populations were defined. Unexpectedly, germinal centre cells were identified consistently in many nasopharyngeal swa"],"journal":["Nature"],"pubmed_title":["Immunological memory diversity in the human upper airway."],"pmcid":["PMC11895801"],"funding_grant_id":["T32 AI007036","U19 AI142742"],"pubmed_authors":["Levi G","Lopez PG","Kim HJ","Ramirez SI","Hastie KM","Sutton HJ","Mashoof S","Stacey HD","Faraji F","Hills LB","Goodwin B","Crotty S","Yan CH","DeConde AS","Saphire EO"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Immunological memory diversity in the human upper airway.","description":"The upper airway is an important site of infection, but immune memory in the human upper airway is poorly understood, with implications for COVID-19 and many other human diseases<sup>1-4</sup>. Here we demonstrate that nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs can be used to obtain insights into these challenging problems, and define distinct immune cell populations, including antigen-specific memory B cells and T cells, in two adjacent anatomical sites in the upper airway. Upper airway immune cell populations seemed stable over time in healthy adults undergoing monthly swabs for more than 1 year, and prominent tissue resident memory T (T<sub>RM</sub>) cell and B (B<sub>RM</sub>) cell populations were defined. Unexpectedly, germinal centre cells were identified consistently in many nasopharyngeal swa","dates":{"release":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2024 Aug","modification":"2026-04-24T03:21:30.509Z","creation":"2025-04-06T22:16:28.938Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC11895801","cross_references":{"pubmed":["39085605"],"doi":["10.1038/s41586-024-07748-8"]}}