biostudies-literatureUnknown109(1)Hung YRAdvances in the ethanol fermentation process are essential to improving the performance of bioethanol production. Fed-batch fermentation is a promising approach to increase the final ethanol titer, which benefits the recovery in the bioethanol industry's downstream process. However, the development of feeding strategies, a crucial control variable in the fed-batch approach, is limited. Thus, in the present work, different modes of substrate delivery-fixed feeding, adapted feeding-were investigated in fed-batch cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a 5-L bioreactor. Evolved gas production, which was positively correlated with glucose consumption, was used to adjust the sugar feed rate in fed-batch fermentations under an adapted feeding strategy. The adapted feeding strategy enhanced ethanApplied microbiology and biotechnology64https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11903602biostudies-literatureAn adaptive, continuous substrate feeding strategy based on evolved gas to improve fed-batch ethanol fermentation.PMC11903602Hung YRBressler DCSauvageau DfalseAn adaptive, continuous substrate feeding strategy based on evolved gas to improve fed-batch ethanol fermentation.Advances in the ethanol fermentation process are essential to improving the performance of bioethanol production. Fed-batch fermentation is a promising approach to increase the final ethanol titer, which benefits the recovery in the bioethanol industry's downstream process. However, the development of feeding strategies, a crucial control variable in the fed-batch approach, is limited. Thus, in the present work, different modes of substrate delivery-fixed feeding, adapted feeding-were investigated in fed-batch cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a 5-L bioreactor. Evolved gas production, which was positively correlated with glucose consumption, was used to adjust the sugar feed rate in fed-batch fermentations under an adapted feeding strategy. The adapted feeding strategy enhanced ethan2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Mar2026-06-06T23:38:04.539Z2025-04-04T14:48:01.085ZS-EPMC119036024007259810.1007/s00253-025-13447-9