biostudies-literatureLi BShanghai Shen Kang Hospital Development CenterScience and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission)National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)160https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11906877biostudies-literatureUnknown8(1)A computer-aided detection (CAD) system for early esophagus carcinoma identification during endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (NBI) was evaluated in a large-scale, prospective, tandem, randomized controlled trial to assess its effectiveness. The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100050654, 2021/09/01). Involving 3400 patients were randomly assigned to either routine (routine-first) or CAD-assisted (CAD-first) NBI endoscopy, followed by the other procedure, with targeted biopsies taken at the end of the second examination. The primary outcome was the diagnosis of 1 or more neoplastic lesion of esophagus during the first examination. The CAD-first group demonstrated a significantly higher neoplastic lesion detection rate (3.12%) compared to the routine-firsNPJ digital medicineEffect of computer aided detection system on esophageal neoplasm diagnosis in varied levels of endoscopists.PMC1190687722XD1402200SHDC2023CRT0068227302582203460Tan WMCai SLRen ZShi QZhong YSCai MYLi BQi ZPYan BDu YYHe DLYu HHfalseEffect of computer aided detection system on esophageal neoplasm diagnosis in varied levels of endoscopists.A computer-aided detection (CAD) system for early esophagus carcinoma identification during endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (NBI) was evaluated in a large-scale, prospective, tandem, randomized controlled trial to assess its effectiveness. The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100050654, 2021/09/01). Involving 3400 patients were randomly assigned to either routine (routine-first) or CAD-assisted (CAD-first) NBI endoscopy, followed by the other procedure, with targeted biopsies taken at the end of the second examination. The primary outcome was the diagnosis of 1 or more neoplastic lesion of esophagus during the first examination. The CAD-first group demonstrated a significantly higher neoplastic lesion detection rate (3.12%) compared to the routine-firs2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Mar2025-04-26T08:44:37.538Z2025-04-06T12:48:10.614ZS-EPMC119068774008258510.1038/s41746-025-01532-2