biostudies-literatureUnknown81Jiang F<h4>Background</h4>Accurate prediction of early recurrence is essential for disease management of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). We aimed to develop and validate a deep learning-based early recurrence predictive model (ERPM) and a treatment response predictive model (TRPM) on whole slide images to assist clinical decision making.<h4>Methods</h4>In this retrospective, multicentre study, we included consecutive patients with pathology-confirmed NMIBC who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumour from five centres. Patients from one hospital (Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China) were assigned to training and internal validation cohorts, and patients from four other hospitals (the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-seEClinicalMedicine103125https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11909458biostudies-literatureDeep learning-based model for prediction of early recurrence and therapy response on whole slide images in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a retrospective, multicentre study.PMC11909458Yang HXie YJiang FLin THong GLin ZWang HLiu YZhu MHuang SXu AWu SZeng HLuo YShen RWang YChen RfalseDeep learning-based model for prediction of early recurrence and therapy response on whole slide images in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a retrospective, multicentre study.<h4>Background</h4>Accurate prediction of early recurrence is essential for disease management of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). We aimed to develop and validate a deep learning-based early recurrence predictive model (ERPM) and a treatment response predictive model (TRPM) on whole slide images to assist clinical decision making.<h4>Methods</h4>In this retrospective, multicentre study, we included consecutive patients with pathology-confirmed NMIBC who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumour from five centres. Patients from one hospital (Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China) were assigned to training and internal validation cohorts, and patients from four other hospitals (the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-se2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Mar2025-04-20T00:11:37.981Z2025-04-20T00:11:37.981ZS-EPMC119094584009398710.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103125