biostudies-literatureYi ESKorea University Guro HospitalKorea University MedicineKorean Fund for Regenerative Medicinee48https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11913628biostudies-literatureUnknown40(10)<h4>Background</h4>Graft failure (GF) is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Secondary transplantation has been recognized as a potential curative intervention.<h4>Methods</h4>This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and outcomes of salvage transplantation by analyzing the patients who underwent a second HCT for GF following the initial allo-HCT between 1998 and 2020.<h4>Results</h4>Overall, 23 recipients were identified, including 14 and 9 individuals with primary and secondary GF, respectively. Nine recipients underwent a second transplant from the same donor. Familial mismatched donors predominated in the second HCT (86.9%), with reduced-intensity conditioning as the prevailing approach (60.9%). Neutrophil engraftment occurred in Journal of Korean medical scienceSecond Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Following Graft Failure in Children.PMC11913628K2327431KFRM 21A0502L1Hur JYi ESSung KWYoo KHJu HYLee JWfalseSecond Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Following Graft Failure in Children.<h4>Background</h4>Graft failure (GF) is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Secondary transplantation has been recognized as a potential curative intervention.<h4>Methods</h4>This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and outcomes of salvage transplantation by analyzing the patients who underwent a second HCT for GF following the initial allo-HCT between 1998 and 2020.<h4>Results</h4>Overall, 23 recipients were identified, including 14 and 9 individuals with primary and secondary GF, respectively. Nine recipients underwent a second transplant from the same donor. Familial mismatched donors predominated in the second HCT (86.9%), with reduced-intensity conditioning as the prevailing approach (60.9%). Neutrophil engraftment occurred in 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Mar2025-04-20T00:11:22.883Z2025-04-20T00:11:22.883ZS-EPMC119136284009849210.3346/jkms.2025.40.e48