{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["17(3)"],"submitter":["Yin N"],"pubmed_abstract":["<b>Background:</b> Glutathione (GSH) is an essential antioxidant that protects against oxidative stress, but its oral bioavailability is below 1% due to enzymatic degradation and poor gastrointestinal absorption. Improving the oral bioavailability of GSH could significantly enhance its therapeutic efficacy. <b>Methods:</b> This study synthesised GSH analogues with chemical modifications to improve bioavailability. Seven GSH derivatives were designed: three analogues with altered stereochemistry (<b>1.62</b>, <b>1.63</b>, and <b>1.64</b>) and three <i>N</i>-methylated derivatives (<b>1.65</b>, <b>1.70</b>, and <b>1.71</b>), alongside a native GSH (<b>1.61</b>). The analogues were synthesised via Fmoc-solid-phase peptide synthesis, and they were characterised using reverse-phase high-perform"],"journal":["Pharmaceutics"],"pagination":["385"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11945201"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Enhancing the Oral Bioavailability of Glutathione Using Innovative Analogue Approaches."],"pmcid":["PMC11945201"],"pubmed_authors":["Wen J","Liu M","Chen G","Yin N","Brimble MA","Harris PWR","Sun J"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Enhancing the Oral Bioavailability of Glutathione Using Innovative Analogue Approaches.","description":"<b>Background:</b> Glutathione (GSH) is an essential antioxidant that protects against oxidative stress, but its oral bioavailability is below 1% due to enzymatic degradation and poor gastrointestinal absorption. Improving the oral bioavailability of GSH could significantly enhance its therapeutic efficacy. <b>Methods:</b> This study synthesised GSH analogues with chemical modifications to improve bioavailability. Seven GSH derivatives were designed: three analogues with altered stereochemistry (<b>1.62</b>, <b>1.63</b>, and <b>1.64</b>) and three <i>N</i>-methylated derivatives (<b>1.65</b>, <b>1.70</b>, and <b>1.71</b>), alongside a native GSH (<b>1.61</b>). The analogues were synthesised via Fmoc-solid-phase peptide synthesis, and they were characterised using reverse-phase high-perform","dates":{"release":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2025 Mar","modification":"2025-07-04T03:06:04.246Z","creation":"2025-07-04T03:06:04.246Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC11945201","cross_references":{"pubmed":["40143049"],"doi":["10.3390/pharmaceutics17030385"]}}