biostudies-literatureUnknown69Chang KJ<h4>Introduction</h4>The clinical presentations of dry eye disease (DED) and depression (DEP) often comanifest. However, the robustness and the mechanisms underlying this association were undetermined.<h4>Objectives</h4>To this end, we set up a three-segment study that employed multimodality results (meta-analysis, genome-wide association study [GWAS] and Mendelian randomization [MR]) to elucidate the association, common pathways and causality between DED and DEP.<h4>Methods</h4>A meta-analysis comprising 26 case-control studies was first conducted to confirm the DED-DEP association. Next, we performed a linkage disequilibrium (LD)-adjusted GWAS and targeted phenotype association study (PheWAS) in East Asian TW Biobank (TWB) and European UK Biobank (UKB) populations. Single-nucleotide polyJournal of advanced research197-213https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11954816biostudies-literatureDecoding and reconstructing disease relations between dry eye and depression: a multimodal investigation comprising meta-analysis, genetic pathways and Mendelian randomization.PMC11954816Yu THWu YRTsai HYLi CYDai HJChang YJChen YCLi CTWu HYChang KJCheng CYHsu CCChen SJHsu YTChiang PHWeng PYYang YPChen YHHsieh ARChiou SHfalseDecoding and reconstructing disease relations between dry eye and depression: a multimodal investigation comprising meta-analysis, genetic pathways and Mendelian randomization.<h4>Introduction</h4>The clinical presentations of dry eye disease (DED) and depression (DEP) often comanifest. However, the robustness and the mechanisms underlying this association were undetermined.<h4>Objectives</h4>To this end, we set up a three-segment study that employed multimodality results (meta-analysis, genome-wide association study [GWAS] and Mendelian randomization [MR]) to elucidate the association, common pathways and causality between DED and DEP.<h4>Methods</h4>A meta-analysis comprising 26 case-control studies was first conducted to confirm the DED-DEP association. Next, we performed a linkage disequilibrium (LD)-adjusted GWAS and targeted phenotype association study (PheWAS) in East Asian TW Biobank (TWB) and European UK Biobank (UKB) populations. Single-nucleotide poly2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Mar2026-06-02T12:02:02.035Z2026-04-18T03:11:02.948ZS-EPMC119548163854826510.1016/j.jare.2024.03.015