biostudies-literatureUnknown16Niu Y<h4>Objectives</h4><i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L. (HLB) exhibits promising pharmacological properties for the treatment of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aims to enhance the understanding of HLB's pharmacodynamic effects and elucidate the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potential in DN.<h4>Methods</h4>The pharmacodynamic effects of HLB were initially evaluated in a murine DN model through the oral administration of an aqueous extract of HLB. The primary bioactive constituents were subsequently identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Network pharmacology analysis was integrated with these data to uncover potential molecular targets of HLB in DN. Key renal metabolites were profiled usiFrontiers in pharmacology1566723https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11959092biostudies-literature<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L. protects against renal function decline in a mouse model of type 2 diabetic nephropathy by modulating the PI3K-Akt-ERK signaling pathway.PMC11959092Chi LHe XLi PPang ZDu JWang XNiu HNiu YLu Bfalse<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L. protects against renal function decline in a mouse model of type 2 diabetic nephropathy by modulating the PI3K-Akt-ERK signaling pathway.<h4>Objectives</h4><i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L. (HLB) exhibits promising pharmacological properties for the treatment of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aims to enhance the understanding of HLB's pharmacodynamic effects and elucidate the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potential in DN.<h4>Methods</h4>The pharmacodynamic effects of HLB were initially evaluated in a murine DN model through the oral administration of an aqueous extract of HLB. The primary bioactive constituents were subsequently identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Network pharmacology analysis was integrated with these data to uncover potential molecular targets of HLB in DN. Key renal metabolites were profiled usi2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252025-07-11T03:04:03.998Z2025-07-11T03:04:03.998ZS-EPMC119590924017072710.3389/fphar.2025.1566723