biostudies-literatureUnknown16Yu X<h4>Background</h4>In addition to serving as the primary effector cells against infections, neutrophils have been implicated in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immunity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of neutrophils in the regulation of the immune system under physiological conditions.<h4>Methods</h4>The <i>in vivo</i> effect of neutrophils on the immune system was examined using neutropenic mice. The interaction between neutrophils and γδ T cells was investigated using an <i>in vitro</i> co-culture system.<h4>Findings</h4>Unexpectedly, we observed an accumulation of γδ T cells in the cervical lymph nodes of neutropenic mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that these γδ T cells exhibited unique expression profiles of cell surface molecules and genes involved iFrontiers in immunology1542191https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11965643biostudies-literatureNeutrophils negatively control IL-17A-producing γδ T cell frequencies in a contact-dependent manner under physiological conditions.PMC11965643Marwitz SBehrends JKasper BTchudjin Magatsin JDGoldmann TPetersen FYue XOpferman JTYu XfalseNeutrophils negatively control IL-17A-producing γδ T cell frequencies in a contact-dependent manner under physiological conditions.<h4>Background</h4>In addition to serving as the primary effector cells against infections, neutrophils have been implicated in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immunity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of neutrophils in the regulation of the immune system under physiological conditions.<h4>Methods</h4>The <i>in vivo</i> effect of neutrophils on the immune system was examined using neutropenic mice. The interaction between neutrophils and γδ T cells was investigated using an <i>in vitro</i> co-culture system.<h4>Findings</h4>Unexpectedly, we observed an accumulation of γδ T cells in the cervical lymph nodes of neutropenic mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that these γδ T cells exhibited unique expression profiles of cell surface molecules and genes involved i2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252026-06-01T05:40:25.934Z2025-07-12T03:04:20.38ZS-EPMC119656434018198510.3389/fimmu.2025.1542191