biostudies-literatureUnknownMukhija SNIA NIH HHSNIDCD NIH HHS<h4>Importance</h4>Severe COVID-19 infection has been associated with neurological complications, but its role in accelerating cognitive decline remains unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether individuals hospitalized for severe COVID-19 exhibit a higher incidence of new onset cognitive impairment compared to those hospitalized for other conditions.<h4>Design</h4>A retrospective study emulating a target trial using Mass General Brigham electronic health records (March 2020-August 2024). The causal effect of COVID-19 hospitalization was estimated via cumulative incidence functions accounting for the competing risk of death.<h4>Setting</h4>Multicenter hospital-based study across the Mass General Brigham healthcare system.<h4>Participants</h4>A total of 221613 hospitalized patients metmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025.03.26.25324688https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11974976biostudies-literatureImpact of Severe COVID-19 on Accelerating Dementia Onset: Clinical and Epidemiological Insights.PMC11974976R01 AG058063U01 DC019579Magdamo CMukhija SAlbers MWSunog MfalseImpact of Severe COVID-19 on Accelerating Dementia Onset: Clinical and Epidemiological Insights.<h4>Importance</h4>Severe COVID-19 infection has been associated with neurological complications, but its role in accelerating cognitive decline remains unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether individuals hospitalized for severe COVID-19 exhibit a higher incidence of new onset cognitive impairment compared to those hospitalized for other conditions.<h4>Design</h4>A retrospective study emulating a target trial using Mass General Brigham electronic health records (March 2020-August 2024). The causal effect of COVID-19 hospitalization was estimated via cumulative incidence functions accounting for the competing risk of death.<h4>Setting</h4>Multicenter hospital-based study across the Mass General Brigham healthcare system.<h4>Participants</h4>A total of 221613 hospitalized patients met2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Mar2025-07-10T03:08:16.076Z2025-07-10T03:08:16.076ZS-EPMC119749764019625710.1101/2025.03.26.25324688