biostudies-literatureValido EEuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreementEuropean Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreementSwiss Paraplegic Foundation12825https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11997090biostudies-literatureUnknown15(1)Individuals with spinal cord injury/disease (SCI/D) have a high incidence of urinary tract infections (UTI). This randomized controlled pilot trial investigated the effect of an immunomodulator (Uro-Vaxom) versus a placebo on the urinary tract microbiome of individuals with SCI/D to inform the design of a larger trial. Twenty participants with SCI/D undergoing primary rehabilitation were randomized to receive either Uro-Vaxom or a placebo for three months (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04049994 08/08/2019). Urine was collected at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and three months post-treatment. DNA was extracted and sequenced using full-length 16 S rRNA using Oxford Nanopore technology. Internal controls were added for absolute abundance estimation. There were 10 participants in Uro-Vaxom andScientific reportsEffects of Uro-Vaxom vs. placebo on the urinary tract microbiome in individuals with spinal cord injury in a randomized controlled pilot trial (Uro-Vaxom pilot).PMC11997090801076Krebs JWollner JStoyanov JValido EBertolo APannek JfalseEffects of Uro-Vaxom vs. placebo on the urinary tract microbiome in individuals with spinal cord injury in a randomized controlled pilot trial (Uro-Vaxom pilot).Individuals with spinal cord injury/disease (SCI/D) have a high incidence of urinary tract infections (UTI). This randomized controlled pilot trial investigated the effect of an immunomodulator (Uro-Vaxom) versus a placebo on the urinary tract microbiome of individuals with SCI/D to inform the design of a larger trial. Twenty participants with SCI/D undergoing primary rehabilitation were randomized to receive either Uro-Vaxom or a placebo for three months (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04049994 08/08/2019). Urine was collected at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and three months post-treatment. DNA was extracted and sequenced using full-length 16 S rRNA using Oxford Nanopore technology. Internal controls were added for absolute abundance estimation. There were 10 participants in Uro-Vaxom and2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Apr2026-06-03T01:12:12.872Z2025-06-26T03:06:07.664ZS-EPMC119970904022935210.1038/s41598-025-96939-y