biostudies-literatureKang SHBasic Science Research Program through the NRF of Korea, funded by the Ministry of EducationMedical Research Center Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning2812https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12028047biostudies-literatureUnknown14(8)<b>Background:</b> Although erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) therapy is fundamental for correcting anemia, excessive ESA administration is associated with increased risks. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) on clinical outcomes in a population-based cohort of hemodialysis (HD) patients. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective study analyzed datasets from patients who underwent periodic HD quality assessments and their claims data. Overall, we included 35,913 patients. Participants were divided into quartiles based on the ERI during the 6-month assessment period: Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups. <b>Results:</b> The 5-year survival rates were 68.8% (Q1), 67.8% (Q2), 66.9% (Q3), and 60.2% (Q4) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed thJournal of clinical medicineThe Association Between Erythropoiesis Resistance Index and Clinical Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients: A Nationwide Study.PMC120280472022R1A5A20188652022R1I1A3072966Kang SHChoi JYDo JYLim YJPark SYKim AYKim BYfalseThe Association Between Erythropoiesis Resistance Index and Clinical Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients: A Nationwide Study.<b>Background:</b> Although erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) therapy is fundamental for correcting anemia, excessive ESA administration is associated with increased risks. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) on clinical outcomes in a population-based cohort of hemodialysis (HD) patients. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective study analyzed datasets from patients who underwent periodic HD quality assessments and their claims data. Overall, we included 35,913 patients. Participants were divided into quartiles based on the ERI during the 6-month assessment period: Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups. <b>Results:</b> The 5-year survival rates were 68.8% (Q1), 67.8% (Q2), 66.9% (Q3), and 60.2% (Q4) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed th2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Apr2025-07-03T03:03:58.23Z2025-07-03T03:03:58.23ZS-EPMC120280474028364210.3390/jcm14082812