biostudies-literatureXie JThe Key Research and Development Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionResearch and Demonstration of Grassland Ecological Restoration Technology Model along the Silk Road1180https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12030360biostudies-literatureUnknown14(8)G-quadruplexes play a crucial role in transcription, translation, and DNA replication in plant genomes. Here, we comprehensively examined the prevalence and functions of G-quadruplexes in <i>Vitis vinifera</i>. A total of 467,813 G-quadruplexes were identified in grapevine genome, with enrichment in the promoter (0.54/kbp) and near transcription start sites (TSSs, 1.00/kbp), and showed conservative strand preference. The G-quadruplex density in centromeres exhibited heterogeneity. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under two-day drought stress manifested high G-quadruplex density in the promoter and TSS regions. The upregulated DEGs showed template strand-biased G-quadruplex enrichment, while downregulated DEGs displayed coding strand dominance linked to metal ion homeostasis and suPlants (Basel, Switzerland)Decoding G-Quadruplexes Sequence in &lt;i&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/i&gt;: Regulatory Region Enrichment, Drought Stress Adaptation, and Sugar-Acid Metabolism Modulation.PMC120303602024BBF01002KY202002011Qiao GJia QSong KLiu YLi YXu MWang RXie JWu HfalseDecoding G-Quadruplexes Sequence in &lt;i&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/i&gt;: Regulatory Region Enrichment, Drought Stress Adaptation, and Sugar-Acid Metabolism Modulation.G-quadruplexes play a crucial role in transcription, translation, and DNA replication in plant genomes. Here, we comprehensively examined the prevalence and functions of G-quadruplexes in <i>Vitis vinifera</i>. A total of 467,813 G-quadruplexes were identified in grapevine genome, with enrichment in the promoter (0.54/kbp) and near transcription start sites (TSSs, 1.00/kbp), and showed conservative strand preference. The G-quadruplex density in centromeres exhibited heterogeneity. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under two-day drought stress manifested high G-quadruplex density in the promoter and TSS regions. The upregulated DEGs showed template strand-biased G-quadruplex enrichment, while downregulated DEGs displayed coding strand dominance linked to metal ion homeostasis and su2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Apr2026-04-22T03:27:59.01Z2025-07-07T03:08:20.687ZS-EPMC120303604028406810.3390/plants14081180