biostudies-literatureUnknown8(4)Paixao ES<h4>Importance</h4>While the short-term impacts of congenital syphilis are well documented, the long-term outcomes and effects on children exposed to syphilis during pregnancy but without congenital infection detected at birth remain unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>To compare the rates of all-cause hospitalization in children younger than 5 years between those exposed to syphilis during pregnancy (with and without congenital syphilis) and those unexposed to syphilis during pregnancy.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>Population-based study using linked data from the Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health Birth Cohort, including singleton live births between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2015. Children were followed up until age 5 years, death, or December 31, 2018, whicheJAMA network opene257471https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12044516biostudies-literatureSyphilis Exposure During Pregnancy and Childhood Hospital Admissions in Brazil.PMC12044516de Oliveira GLPaixao ESBarreto MLCarroll OCardoso AMde Cassia Ribeiro-Silva RIchihara MYRodrigues LCfalseSyphilis Exposure During Pregnancy and Childhood Hospital Admissions in Brazil.<h4>Importance</h4>While the short-term impacts of congenital syphilis are well documented, the long-term outcomes and effects on children exposed to syphilis during pregnancy but without congenital infection detected at birth remain unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>To compare the rates of all-cause hospitalization in children younger than 5 years between those exposed to syphilis during pregnancy (with and without congenital syphilis) and those unexposed to syphilis during pregnancy.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>Population-based study using linked data from the Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health Birth Cohort, including singleton live births between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2015. Children were followed up until age 5 years, death, or December 31, 2018, whiche2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Apr2025-06-25T03:06:36.078Z2025-06-25T03:06:36.078ZS-EPMC120445164030502310.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.7471