biostudies-literatureUnknown47(2)Joo SKUnderstanding the effects of sex and sex differences on liver health and disease is crucial for individualized healthcare and informed decision-making for patients with liver disease. The impact of sex on liver disease varies according to its etiology. Women have a lower prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) than men. However, postmenopausal women face a higher risk of advanced liver fibrosis due to hormonal influences. Sex differences affect the pathogenesis of MASLD, which involves a complex process involving several factors such as hormones, obesity, and the gut microbiome. Furthermore, sex-related differences in the development of MASLDrelated hepatocellular carcinoma have been observed. The sex-specific characteristics of MASLD necessitate an iEwha medical journale17https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12093579biostudies-literatureSex differences in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a narrative review.PMC12093579Kim WJoo SKfalseSex differences in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a narrative review.Understanding the effects of sex and sex differences on liver health and disease is crucial for individualized healthcare and informed decision-making for patients with liver disease. The impact of sex on liver disease varies according to its etiology. Women have a lower prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) than men. However, postmenopausal women face a higher risk of advanced liver fibrosis due to hormonal influences. Sex differences affect the pathogenesis of MASLD, which involves a complex process involving several factors such as hormones, obesity, and the gut microbiome. Furthermore, sex-related differences in the development of MASLDrelated hepatocellular carcinoma have been observed. The sex-specific characteristics of MASLD necessitate an i2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Apr2026-03-16T04:09:02.515Z2025-08-14T03:05:57.691ZS-EPMC120935794070368410.12771/emj.2024.e17