biostudies-literatureMarchand TNew York Stem Cell FoundationFondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le CancerCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de RennesNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNorn GroupNHLBI NIH HHSNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteAmerican Society of HematologyUehara Memorial FoundationPhilip FoundationNational Institute of General Medical SciencesAssociation pour le Développement de l'Hématologie OncologieEMBO European Commission FP7NCINIDDK NIH HHSNCI NIH HHSSociété Française d'HématologieNIGMS NIH HHSNew York State Stem Cell ScienceJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceRP101714https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12097789biostudies-literatureUnknown13Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) have been isolated from various tissues, including periosteum and bone marrow, where they exhibit key functions in bone biology and hematopoiesis, respectively. The role of periosteal SSCs (P-SSCs) in bone regeneration and healing has been extensively studied, but their ability to contribute to the bone marrow stroma is still under debate. In the present study, we characterized a mouse whole bone transplantation model that mimics the initial bone marrow necrosis and fatty infiltration seen after injury. Using this model and a lineage tracing approach, we observed the migration of P-SSCs into the bone marrow after transplantation. Once in the bone marrow, P-SSCs are phenotypically and functionally reprogrammed into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) thateLifePeriosteal skeletal stem cells can migrate into the bone marrow and support hematopoiesis after injury.PMC12097789R01HL162584R01DK056638-23S1R01DK130895IIRP C029570AT32GM007288-50Marie Curie ActionsR01 DK056638R56DK130895R56 DK130895P30CA013330R01 DK130895P30 CA013330R01 HL162584R01 DK112976T32 GM0072885R01DK056638EMBOCOFUND2012Pinho SFrenette PSaint-Vanne JMaryanovich MAkinnola KETakeishi SGritsman KBirbrair AMarchand TLamy TTarte KfalsePeriosteal skeletal stem cells can migrate into the bone marrow and support hematopoiesis after injury.Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) have been isolated from various tissues, including periosteum and bone marrow, where they exhibit key functions in bone biology and hematopoiesis, respectively. The role of periosteal SSCs (P-SSCs) in bone regeneration and healing has been extensively studied, but their ability to contribute to the bone marrow stroma is still under debate. In the present study, we characterized a mouse whole bone transplantation model that mimics the initial bone marrow necrosis and fatty infiltration seen after injury. Using this model and a lineage tracing approach, we observed the migration of P-SSCs into the bone marrow after transplantation. Once in the bone marrow, P-SSCs are phenotypically and functionally reprogrammed into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) that2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 May2026-05-29T12:47:35.379Z2026-04-08T04:45:47.119ZS-EPMC120977894040163710.7554/eLife.101714