biostudies-literatureOnuki YJapan Society for the Promotion of Science2101https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12114476biostudies-literatureUnknown30(10)Malnutrition and aging are major factors that inhibit myoblast differentiation, leading to a decline in muscle function and contributing to sarcopenia development. This study aimed to elucidate the role of nutrients in myoblast differentiation by establishing a culture system at physiological glucose levels and investigating the effects of ketone bodies and oxaloacetate. We successfully cultured myoblasts at physiological glucose concentrations in a hydrophobic membrane filter-equipped culture flask. Under these conditions, ketone bodies and oxaloacetate synergistically upregulated myogenic differentiation markers (<i>Lmod2</i> and <i>Ckm</i>), indicating enhanced differentiation. Additionally, oxaloacetate upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis markers (mitochondrial DNA copy number and Cs)Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)Oxaloacetate and Ketone Bodies Synergistically Promote Myoblast Differentiation in L6 Cells.PMC12114476JP23K10892Kojima-Yuasa ASasaki YNorikura TOnuki YNanashima NfalseOxaloacetate and Ketone Bodies Synergistically Promote Myoblast Differentiation in L6 Cells.Malnutrition and aging are major factors that inhibit myoblast differentiation, leading to a decline in muscle function and contributing to sarcopenia development. This study aimed to elucidate the role of nutrients in myoblast differentiation by establishing a culture system at physiological glucose levels and investigating the effects of ketone bodies and oxaloacetate. We successfully cultured myoblasts at physiological glucose concentrations in a hydrophobic membrane filter-equipped culture flask. Under these conditions, ketone bodies and oxaloacetate synergistically upregulated myogenic differentiation markers (<i>Lmod2</i> and <i>Ckm</i>), indicating enhanced differentiation. Additionally, oxaloacetate upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis markers (mitochondrial DNA copy number and Cs)2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 May2025-07-26T03:07:01.478Z2025-07-26T03:07:01.478ZS-EPMC121144764043027410.3390/molecules30102101