biostudies-literatureUnknown116(3)Eichert ACharles Redd Center for Western StudiesJessica Ware from the American Museum of Natural HistoryPaul Frandsen from the BYU College of Life SciencesPteronarcys californica (Newport 1848) is commonly referred to as the giant salmonfly and is the largest species of stonefly (Insecta: Plecoptera) in the western United States. Historically, it was widespread and abundant in western rivers, but populations have experienced a substantial decline in the past few decades, becoming locally extirpated in numerous rivers in Utah, Colorado, and Montana. Although previous research has explored the ecological variables conducive to the survivability of populations of the giant salmonfly, a lack of genomic resources hampers exploration of how genetic variation is spread across extant populations. To accelerate research on this imperiled species, we present a de novo chromosomal-length genome assembly of P. californica generated from PacBio HiFi sequThe Journal of heredity315-323https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12130441biostudies-literatureAn unusually large genome from an unusually large stonefly: A chromosome-length genome assembly for the giant salmonfly, Pteronarcys californica (Plecoptera: Pteronarcyidae).PMC12130441Jeong JHotaling SAiden ELTolman ERHeckenhauer JMeek JEichert ASproul JNelson CRWeisz DDudchenko OBirrell JFrandsen PBWare JLfalseAn unusually large genome from an unusually large stonefly: A chromosome-length genome assembly for the giant salmonfly, Pteronarcys californica (Plecoptera: Pteronarcyidae).Pteronarcys californica (Newport 1848) is commonly referred to as the giant salmonfly and is the largest species of stonefly (Insecta: Plecoptera) in the western United States. Historically, it was widespread and abundant in western rivers, but populations have experienced a substantial decline in the past few decades, becoming locally extirpated in numerous rivers in Utah, Colorado, and Montana. Although previous research has explored the ecological variables conducive to the survivability of populations of the giant salmonfly, a lack of genomic resources hampers exploration of how genetic variation is spread across extant populations. To accelerate research on this imperiled species, we present a de novo chromosomal-length genome assembly of P. californica generated from PacBio HiFi sequ2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Jun2026-06-01T11:33:04.013Z2026-04-08T11:55:41.632ZS-EPMC121304413917182610.1093/jhered/esae044