biostudies-literaturePeter CNIA NIH HHS825-836https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12150229biostudies-literatureUnknown82(8)<h4>Importance</h4>There has yet to be a large-scale study quantifying the association between white matter microstructure and cognitive performance and decline in aging and Alzheimer disease (AD).<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate the associations between tract-specific white matter microstructure and cognitive performance and decline in aging and AD-related cognitive impairment.<h4>Design setting and participants</h4>This prognostic study of aging and AD, a secondary data analysis of multisite cohort studies, acquired data from 9 cohorts between September 2002 and November 2022. Participants were eligible if they had diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data, domain-specific cognitive composite <i>z</i> scores, demographic and clinical data, were aged 50 years or older, andJAMA neurologyWhite Matter Abnormalities and Cognition in Aging and Alzheimer Disease.PMC12150229R01 AG080821R01 AG085571R01 AG034962R01 AG083865Mez JScollard PWang DZaras DGao CZhang PCuccaro MLTosun-Turgut DGaynor LSDavatzikos Cand the Alzheimer’s Disease Sequencing Project Phenotype Harmonization Consortium (ADSP-PHC) Analyst TeamSathe ABolton CJDurant AHabes MCrane PKBeason-Held LLYao TErus GRamadass KBendlin BBHohman TJSchilling KGYang YLi ZHuo YShashikumar NMukherjee SThompson PMLee MLPechman KRKukull WBarnes LLArfanakis KJefferson ALNewlin NRToga AWDumitrescu LCPeter CJohnson SCRisacher SLAn YBiber SAResnick SMKim MESaykin AJLandman BAKhairi NMKlinedinst BWorkmeister AWKanakaraj PSchneider JAlbert MArcher DBBennett DAGifford KAChoi SEJackson TBSanders EATrittschuh EHfalseWhite Matter Abnormalities and Cognition in Aging and Alzheimer Disease.<h4>Importance</h4>There has yet to be a large-scale study quantifying the association between white matter microstructure and cognitive performance and decline in aging and Alzheimer disease (AD).<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate the associations between tract-specific white matter microstructure and cognitive performance and decline in aging and AD-related cognitive impairment.<h4>Design setting and participants</h4>This prognostic study of aging and AD, a secondary data analysis of multisite cohort studies, acquired data from 9 cohorts between September 2002 and November 2022. Participants were eligible if they had diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data, domain-specific cognitive composite <i>z</i> scores, demographic and clinical data, were aged 50 years or older, and2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Aug2026-05-04T18:48:35.322Z2026-04-07T20:47:50.848ZS-EPMC121502294051308410.1001/jamaneurol.2025.1601