biostudies-literatureWang MNoncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major ProjectInnovative Research Team of High-level Local University in ShanghaiKey Laboratory Program of the Education Commission of Shanghai MunicipalityNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaShanghai Clinical Research Center of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery supported by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai MunicipalityHebei Province Major Science and Technology Support Projecte2413493https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12165089biostudies-literatureUnknown12(22)Adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are commonly detected endocrine lesions, identified during imaging for unrelated conditions. These lesions exhibit considerable heterogeneity and diverse clinical outcomes. This study employed single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate tumorigenic characteristics of AIs, including non-functional adrenocortical adenomas, Conn's syndrome, and pheochromocytomas. Through integrating public datasets, 302 696 cells are analyzed. Three adrenocortical cell subtypes exhibit gene expression patterns linked to tumorigenesis. Clusterin emerges as a potential biomarker for adrenocortical adenomas. Adrenocortical tumor cells show dysregulated hormone secretion and transcription factor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) is significantly upregulated, distinguishing cortical from meduAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)Single-Cell Atlas Reveals Tumorigenic Profiles and Immune Dynamics of Adrenal Incidentalomas.PMC12165089322711658207086882400980ZDSYS1400522MC1940300242W7712Z82370853SHSMU-ZDCX202104002023ZD0506800Cheng DTian FLiu LHu XYuan LLi LSun YWang MFang XLi TZhang ZZhao RQi YLiu BGong KZheng GChen SZhang CLiu FfalseSingle-Cell Atlas Reveals Tumorigenic Profiles and Immune Dynamics of Adrenal Incidentalomas.Adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are commonly detected endocrine lesions, identified during imaging for unrelated conditions. These lesions exhibit considerable heterogeneity and diverse clinical outcomes. This study employed single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate tumorigenic characteristics of AIs, including non-functional adrenocortical adenomas, Conn's syndrome, and pheochromocytomas. Through integrating public datasets, 302 696 cells are analyzed. Three adrenocortical cell subtypes exhibit gene expression patterns linked to tumorigenesis. Clusterin emerges as a potential biomarker for adrenocortical adenomas. Adrenocortical tumor cells show dysregulated hormone secretion and transcription factor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) is significantly upregulated, distinguishing cortical from medu2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Jun2026-06-01T06:25:48.884Z2026-04-08T09:51:35.503ZS-EPMC121650894019018910.1002/advs.202413493