biostudies-literatureSchworer EKNational Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNICHD NIH HHSNCATS NIH HHSNIA NIH HHSNational Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institute on Aging1214-1224https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12207984biostudies-literatureUnknown23(12)<h4>Background</h4>Adults with Down syndrome are at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Natural history cohort studies have characterised the progression of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in people with Down syndrome, with a focus on amyloid β-PET and tau-PET. In this study, we aimed to leverage these well characterised imaging biomarkers in a large cohort of individuals with Down syndrome, to examine the timeline to symptomatic Alzheimer's disease based on estimated years since the detection on PET of amyloid β-positivity, referred to here as amyloid age, and in relation to tau burden as assessed by PET.<h4>Methods</h4>In this prospective, longitudinal, observational cohort study, data were collected at four university research sites in the UK and USA as part of the Alzheimer's Biomarker ConsorThe Lancet. NeurologyTimeline to symptomatic Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome as assessed by amyloid-PET and tau-PET: a longitudinal cohort study.PMC12207984P50 AG008702R01 AG080766UL1 TR002373T32 HD007489UL1 TR001873UL1 TR002345P30 AG062421U54 HD087011P50 AG005681UL1 TR001414U19 AG068054P50 HD105353P50 AG005133UL1 TR001857P30 AG062715P30 AG066519U24 AG021886P30 AG066462R01 AG070028U01 AG051412U01 AG051406K99 AG084738U54 HD090256P50 AG016570Zammit MDZhang FZaman SClark LO'Bryant SSchupf NCheema AMinhas DNadkarni NWang JZaman SHClare IVaradarajan BConstantino JHenson RHanden BLHonig LReiman EKofler JAlzheimer's Biomarker Consortium–Down Syndrome (ABC–DS)Keator DPang DMapstone MMathis CChristian BTChen KFeingold ERosas DForoud TBetthauser TFagan ATudorascu DLKlunk WParisi MSchworer EKHartley SBulova PHead EDoran EPulsifer MAizenstein HPetersen MLaymon CMRizvi BRyan LJordan CLai FTudorascu DLee JBirn RAnces BMAnces BJohnson SAndrews HLott ITycko BKrinsky-McHale SRafii MWhite DYassa MCohen ADChristian BPrice JHom CHarp JBrickman AHanden BTumuluru RKreisl WBell KIkonomovic MLaymon CSchmitt FCohen AHartley SLKamboh MILao PLupson VSilverman WfalseTimeline to symptomatic Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome as assessed by amyloid-PET and tau-PET: a longitudinal cohort study.<h4>Background</h4>Adults with Down syndrome are at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Natural history cohort studies have characterised the progression of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in people with Down syndrome, with a focus on amyloid β-PET and tau-PET. In this study, we aimed to leverage these well characterised imaging biomarkers in a large cohort of individuals with Down syndrome, to examine the timeline to symptomatic Alzheimer's disease based on estimated years since the detection on PET of amyloid β-positivity, referred to here as amyloid age, and in relation to tau burden as assessed by PET.<h4>Methods</h4>In this prospective, longitudinal, observational cohort study, data were collected at four university research sites in the UK and USA as part of the Alzheimer's Biomarker Consor2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Dec2026-06-09T05:40:10.783Z2026-06-09T03:08:01.91ZS-EPMC122079843957792210.1016/S1474-4422(24)00426-510.1016/s1474-4422(24)00426-5