biostudies-literatureChen SFundamental Research Project of the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation CommissionBasic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province391https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12282008biostudies-literatureUnknown16(1)<h4>Background</h4>Although both pre-clinical and clinical studies show promising outcomes, resulting in rapid growth of clinical trials of MSC-based therapies in recent years, the heterogeneity and therapeutic inconsistency of MSCs have severely hampered their clinical applications. Purifying homogenous MSC populations with enhanced specific functions represents one promising approach. We have demonstrated recently that the CD317⁺ MSCs have enhanced anti-inflammatory functions and improved therapeutic efficacy and consistency.<h4>Methods</h4>In the current study, we performed both in vitro and in vivo investigations to delineate whether and how CD317 regulates the immune modulation function of MSCs.<h4>Results</h4>Our data here indicate that the CD317 directly contributes to thStem cell research & therapyCD317 stabilizes TNFR1 and confers the anti-inflammatory functions of MSCs via NF-κB/TSG6 pathway.PMC1228200820231120113324002Applied Basic Research FoundationGuangdong BasicYao LWen XZhang JChen LWang XChen SXu JfalseCD317 stabilizes TNFR1 and confers the anti-inflammatory functions of MSCs via NF-κB/TSG6 pathway.<h4>Background</h4>Although both pre-clinical and clinical studies show promising outcomes, resulting in rapid growth of clinical trials of MSC-based therapies in recent years, the heterogeneity and therapeutic inconsistency of MSCs have severely hampered their clinical applications. Purifying homogenous MSC populations with enhanced specific functions represents one promising approach. We have demonstrated recently that the CD317⁺ MSCs have enhanced anti-inflammatory functions and improved therapeutic efficacy and consistency.<h4>Methods</h4>In the current study, we performed both in vitro and in vivo investigations to delineate whether and how CD317 regulates the immune modulation function of MSCs.<h4>Results</h4>Our data here indicate that the CD317 directly contributes to th2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Jul2026-03-18T14:14:21.889Z2025-08-24T03:05:24.78ZS-EPMC122820084069161510.1186/s13287-025-04527-8