biostudies-literatureUnknown6(4)Wang QStudying the pollination biological characteristics of the rare and endangered plant <i>Cypripedium shanxiense</i> S. C. Chen will provide a scientific basis for formulating conservation strategies for the species. This study investigates the flowering phenology, pollination insects, and the process of pollination and fruiting of <i>C. shanxiense</i> at the Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve. The results indicate that the flowering period of <i>C. shanxiense</i> is 12-16 days. The full bloom period extends from early June to late June, with the population flowering duration lasting about 24 days. Four days after flowering, the pollen changes from a mucilaginous to a liquid state and flows to the stigma under the force of gravity. <i>C. shanxiense</i> exhibits high self-compatibility Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)e70069https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12284902biostudies-literatureDelayed Self-Pollination as the Primary Reproductive Strategy in <i>Cypripedium shanxiense</i> S. C. Chen: Observations From Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve.PMC12284902Zhu MWang NWang QZhang XAn JZheng BfalseDelayed Self-Pollination as the Primary Reproductive Strategy in <i>Cypripedium shanxiense</i> S. C. Chen: Observations From Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve.Studying the pollination biological characteristics of the rare and endangered plant <i>Cypripedium shanxiense</i> S. C. Chen will provide a scientific basis for formulating conservation strategies for the species. This study investigates the flowering phenology, pollination insects, and the process of pollination and fruiting of <i>C. shanxiense</i> at the Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve. The results indicate that the flowering period of <i>C. shanxiense</i> is 12-16 days. The full bloom period extends from early June to late June, with the population flowering duration lasting about 24 days. Four days after flowering, the pollen changes from a mucilaginous to a liquid state and flows to the stigma under the force of gravity. <i>C. shanxiense</i> exhibits high self-compatibility 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Aug2025-08-15T03:06:14.28Z2025-08-15T03:06:14.28ZS-EPMC122849024070417010.1002/pei3.70069