biostudies-literatureMooney CScience Foundation IrelandBrain and Behavior Research FoundationUniversity of Trento10614-10634https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12289737biostudies-literatureUnknown62(8)Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Since no single gene variant accounts for more than 1% of the cases, the converging actions of ASD-related genes and other factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), may contribute to ASD pathogenesis. To date, few studies have simultaneously investigated the mRNA and miRNA profiles in an ASD-relevant model. The BTBR mouse strain displays a range of behaviors with ASD-like features but little is known about the protein-coding and noncoding gene expression landscape that may underlie the ASD-like phenotype. Here we performed parallel mRNA and miRNA profiling using the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of BTBR and C57BL/6 J (B6) mice. This identified 1063 differentially expressed genes and 48Molecular neurobiologyDeregulated mRNA and microRNA Expression Patterns in the Prefrontal Cortex of the BTBR Mouse Model of Autism.PMC12289737NARSAD Young Investigator Grant, ID: 26617Starting Grant for Young Researchers 201916/RC/3948 and 21/RC/10294_P2, FutureNeuroGrigoli ARicceri LJimenez-Mateos EMClementi EParlante AScattoni MLHenshall DCCanarutto GMooney CSanz-Rodriguez AProvenzano GPiazza SfalseDeregulated mRNA and microRNA Expression Patterns in the Prefrontal Cortex of the BTBR Mouse Model of Autism.Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Since no single gene variant accounts for more than 1% of the cases, the converging actions of ASD-related genes and other factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), may contribute to ASD pathogenesis. To date, few studies have simultaneously investigated the mRNA and miRNA profiles in an ASD-relevant model. The BTBR mouse strain displays a range of behaviors with ASD-like features but little is known about the protein-coding and noncoding gene expression landscape that may underlie the ASD-like phenotype. Here we performed parallel mRNA and miRNA profiling using the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of BTBR and C57BL/6 J (B6) mice. This identified 1063 differentially expressed genes and 482025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Aug2026-03-15T16:38:04.964Z2025-08-13T03:04:31.98ZS-EPMC122897374022731610.1007/s12035-025-04900-x