biostudies-literatureZinchuk AVNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeAmerican Heart AssociationAmerican Academy of Sleep Medicine FoundationNIA NIH HHSNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNHLBI NIH HHSParker B Francis FoundationNINDS NIH HHSNational Institute on Aging2401183https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12301966biostudies-literatureUnknown65(2)<h4>Background</h4>Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with neurocognitive dysfunction. However, randomised trials evaluating the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on neurocognition in those without dementia do not show a benefit. We thus aimed to assess whether arousal threshold (ArTH) modifies the effect of CPAP on neurocognitive function.<h4>Methods</h4>We performed a secondary analysis of a randomised, sham-controlled trial (Apnea Positive Pressure Long-term Efficacy Study (APPLES); ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00051363). ArTH was estimated from polysomnography using a translatable method. Neurocognitive outcomes included the Sustained Working Memory Test-Overall Mid-Day (SWMT-OMD) score (executive function, primary outcome), with the Pathfinder Number Test totalThe European respiratory journalArousal threshold modifies the effect of CPAP on executive function among individuals with obstructive sleep apnoea.PMC12301966L30 HL143623UG3HL169648R01 HL153874R01 HL158765R01 AG080609UH3 NS11376919CDA34660137UH3NS113769K23 HL159259K24 HL132093228SR20R01 AG0668870, R01 AG080609UG3 HL169648P01 HL149630R01 HL146697R21 HL16176615SDG25890059R01 HL128658R01HL146697K23HL159259R01 HL102321Azarbarzin AYaggi HKKushida CAWalker ASands SAVarga AWAlex RMZinchuk AVWellman AfalseArousal threshold modifies the effect of CPAP on executive function among individuals with obstructive sleep apnoea.<h4>Background</h4>Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with neurocognitive dysfunction. However, randomised trials evaluating the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on neurocognition in those without dementia do not show a benefit. We thus aimed to assess whether arousal threshold (ArTH) modifies the effect of CPAP on neurocognitive function.<h4>Methods</h4>We performed a secondary analysis of a randomised, sham-controlled trial (Apnea Positive Pressure Long-term Efficacy Study (APPLES); ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00051363). ArTH was estimated from polysomnography using a translatable method. Neurocognitive outcomes included the Sustained Working Memory Test-Overall Mid-Day (SWMT-OMD) score (executive function, primary outcome), with the Pathfinder Number Test total2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Feb2026-03-17T16:08:56.387Z2025-08-18T09:52:54.733ZS-EPMC123019663957222110.1183/13993003.01183-2024